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小额批量支付系统 有关问题解答

Posted on 2010-09-09 20:21 Prayer 阅读(2197) 评论(2)  编辑 收藏 引用 所属分类: 金融相关
小额批量支付系统 有关问题解答
2006-06-22

       问题一:中国现代化支付系统的定义和意义是什么?

中国现代化支付系统是利用现代计算机技术和网络通信技术,高效、安全地处理各银行办理的异地、同城各种支付业务及其资金清算和货币市场交易资金清算的应用系统。是各银行和货币市场的公共支付清算平台。“建立和完善统一、高效、安全的支付清算系统”,是党的十六届三中全会确定的完善社会主义市场经济体制的一项重要任务,是《中国人民银行法》赋予中国人民银行的职能与任务。建立以现代化支付系统为核心,各商业银行行内系统为基础,票据交换系统和卡基支付系统等并存的支付清算体系,是中国支付体系的建设目标之一。

问题二:中国现代化支付系统的构成是怎样的?

中国现代化支付系统是我国重要的金融基础设施,是中央银行履行支付清算职能、改进金融服务的重要核心系统,是连接商品交易和社会经济活动的资金“大动脉”。中国现代化支付系统基本由两个业务应用系统即大额实时支付系统(HVPS)和小额批量支付系统(BEPS)组成。

问题三:什么是大额实时支付系统?

大额实时支付系统主要处理跨行同城、异地每笔金额在规定起点以上的贷记支付业务、紧急的金额在规定起点以下的贷记支付业务及城市商业银行汇票资金移存和兑付业务。大额实时支付系统实时逐笔发送支付指令,全额方式清算资金。

问题四:什么是小额批量支付系统?

小额批量支付系统(以下简称“小额支付系统”)主要处理跨行同城、异地借记支付业务以及金额在规定金额以下的贷记支付业务。小额系统定时批量发送支付指令,轧差净额方式清算资金,支撑各种支付工具的应用。

问题五:“小额”和“批量”是指什么?

“小额”是指规定起点以下的金额,上海市小额支付系统上线后,小额支付系统普通贷记业务金额上限为2万元(含)。除普通贷记业务外的如贷记退汇业务、借记业务等没有金额上限。

“批量”是指小额支付系统对业务进行组包并批量发送,实时贷记业务包、实时借记业务包每包限一笔业务;其他业务包每包业务不超过2000笔。

问题六:小额批量支付系统建设的背景和意义是什么?

随着我国经济体制改革的不断深化和市场经济的发展,其经济主体的多元化、组织结构的多样化、资金管理的个性化、企业经营的集团化以及人民群众消费理财的多样性,迫切需要与之相适应的、便捷的支付工具来支持商品交易、金融服务交易,满足社会各种支付活动的需要。人民银行正在采取多种措施努力创造良好的支付结算环境来支撑各种支付工具的方便使用。已建成的大额实时支付系统虽然对提供快捷、高效的跨行支付清算,防范支付风险具有重要作用,但只能处理贷记支付业务,不能涵盖所有支付工具的应用,迫切需要开发建设小额批量支付系统,来支撑各种贷记、借记支付工具的使用,为社会提供低成本、大业务量的支付清算服务。

小额支付系统的建设,将极大提高银行机构的核心竞争力,促进各项中间业务的拓展,是人民银行完善支付清算体系,提高金融服务水平,改善金融生态环境,更好履行中央银行职责的又一重大举措。

问题七:小额批量支付系统的特点和作用是什么?

小额支付系统的特点是处理的业务金额小、业务笔数多。小额支付系统的建成,将为社会提供低成本的支付清算服务,特别是与老百姓关系密切的支付服务,例如为企事业单位发放工资、公用事业收费、税款缴纳、通存通兑等业务提供清算服务,基本适应当前和今后一定时期社会公众日常生活各种支付活动的需要,从而进一步提高整个社会的金融服务水平。

问题八:小额批量支付系统与大额实时支付系统的主要区别是哪几方面?

小额支付系统区别于大额实时支付系统的显著特征,主要表现在三个方面:处理的业务种类不同、运行时间不同、清算模式不同。大、小额支付系统在全国推广建成完成后,中国将逐步形成大、小额功能互补,统一、安全、高效的支付清算体系。

问题九:小额支付系统运行机制是怎样的?

小额支付系统实行7×24小时不间断运行,每日16:00进行日切处理,即前一日16:00至当日16:00为小额支付系统的一个工作日(大额实时支付系统运行时间为每天8:30至17:00)。小额支付系统在大额实时支付系统工作日日间可进行资金清算。小额支付系统日切后仍可正常接收小额业务,但此部分小额业务不再纳入当日清算,而自动纳入次日清算(遇节假日顺延至节假日后的第一个工作日)。

问题十:上海市什么时候开通小额支付系统?

根据人民银行总行有关小额系统推广上线的实施计划,上海市于2006年6月26日正式运行小额系统。届时,上海市的各金融机构营业网点将可以利用该系统为广大客户提供方便快捷的跨行资金汇划服务。

问题十一:上海市参加小额批量支付系统的参与者数量是多少?

根据参与支付系统的身份的不同,小额支付系统参与者分为直接参与者和间接参与者。直接参与者通过支付系统前置机和支付系统城市处理中心连接,由城市处理中心处理其支付清算业务。间接参与者不与城市处理中心直接连接,而是通过其行内系统或其他方式,将其支付业务提交直接参与者,由该直接参与者提交支付系统,为其清算资金。

目前,上海市小额支付系统直接参与者共47家,具体包括各政策性银行、国有商业银行、股份制商业银行和上海银行、上海农村商业银行等19家中资银行机构、26家外资银行以及中央银行会计集中核算系统、国家金库会计核算系统。小额支付系统间接参与者共计1750家。

根据商业银行行内系统和支付系统前置机的连接形式,又可分为直联和间连两种。商业银行行内系统和前置机系统直接连接,由其行内系统发起和接收支付业务的,为直联方式;直接在前置机系统上发起和接收支付业务的,为间连方式。在上海市小额支付系统47家直接参与者中,有32家参与者是通过直联方式与支付系统城市处理中心连接的。

问题十二:上海市小额支付系统上线后可开办的业务种类有哪些?

2006年6月26日起,上海市内的企事业单位和个人可以通过小额系统办理以下基本业务:

一是普通贷记业务,指付款人通过其开户银行办理的贷记收款人账户的支付业务。主要包括规定金额以下的汇兑、委托收款(划回)、托收承付(划回)、网上银行支付以及财税库汇划款项等主动汇款业务。

二是普通借记业务,指收款人通过其开户银行办理的借记付款人账户的支付业务,是收款人开户银行向付款人开户银行主动发起的收款业务。如支票、汇票委托收款业务等。

三是定期贷记业务,指付款人开户银行依据当事各方事先签订的合同(协议),定期向指定的收款人开户银行发起的批量付款业务。如代付工资、养老金、保险金等,其特点是单个付款人同时付款给多个收款人。

四是定期借记业务,指收款人开户银行依据当事各方事先签订的合同(协议),定期向指定的付款人开户银行发起的批量收款业务。如收费单位委托其开户银行收取的水、电、煤气等公用事业费用以及国库批量扣税等业务,其特点是单个收款人向多个付款人同时收款。

问题十三:将来上海市小额支付系统计划拓展的业务种类有哪些?

小额支付系统上线运行后,将本着“积极稳妥,逐步拓展”的原则,根据上海市广大企事业单位、个人以及银行业金融机构的业务需要,逐步研究、拓展以下业务种类:

一是实时贷记业务,指付款人委托其开户银行发起的,将确定款项实时贷记指定收款人账户的业务。主要包括跨行个人储蓄通存业务、实时缴税等。

二是实时借记业务,指收款人委托其开户银行发起的,将确定款项实时借记指定付款人账户的业务。主要包括跨行个人储蓄通兑业务、实时扣税等。

三是通存通兑业务,该类业务是小额系统实时借、贷记业务的具体应用,实现了不同商业银行之间网点资源的共享,储户可以通过任何一家协议商业银行的柜台办理跨行存、取款业务。

四是支票圈存业务,指借助于支付密码技术(或电子签名、影像技术),由收款人在收受支票时通过POS、网络、电话等圈存受理终端,经由小额系统向出票人开户银行发出支票圈存指令,出票人开户银行根据圈存信息校验支票的真实性和有效性,确认无误的,预先从出票人账户上圈存票面金额,以保证见票后及时支付。

五是支票截留业务,指持票人开户银行收到客户提交的纸质支票后,不再将支票交换至出票人开户银行,而是利用支付密码或影像信息实现纸质支票截留,然后通过小额系统向出票人开户银行发起一笔借记业务,出票人开户银行根据借记业务指令中提供的支票信息、支付密码、影像信息等确认支票的真实性,并通过小额系统完成跨行资金清算。

问题十四:小额支付系统可以为日常支付活动带来哪些便利?

一是与百姓生活密切相关,一卡(折)在手,轻松收付资金。小额支付系统具有定期借记、贷记业务功能。收费单位可以选择任何一家银行作为主办银行,委托其通过小额系统办理跨行收取水、电、煤气等公用事业费。付费单位也还可以选择任何一家银行作为主办银行,委托其通过小额系统发放工资、养老金、社会保险费等。缴费人(或收款人)拥有一个银行账号,即可以选择任何一家银行通过小额支付系统轻松办理相关资金的收付,改变缴费人(或收款人)目前在多家银行开立账户的现状。一卡走遍天下的梦想将得以实现,这将极大方便百姓生活消费方面的支付转移。

二是实现跨行通存通兑,现金无需“搬家”。小额支付系统具有实时借、贷记业务功能。能够处理跨行通存通兑业务,客户在任何一家加入小额支付系统的银行,都可以办理跨行存款或取款业务,跨行存取现金十分便利;同时,小额支付系统可以实现跨行实时转账,市民无需再为买车、买房等大额交易来回“搬运”现金。

问题十五:申请通过小额支付系统办理收费或缴费业务需具备哪些条件?

根据新修订的《上海市定期借记办法》和《关于做好小额支付系统定期借记业务有关事项的通知》精神,公用事业单位或其他单位需要通过小额支付系统办理定期收费业务的,须先向其开户银行申请并签订收费委托书,再与付款人签订收费合同;企事业单位、个人(缴费人)需通过小额支付系统办理定期缴费业务的,应与收费单位签订收费合同并提供一个银行结算账户账号,再与其开户银行签订付款授权书。(人行上海总部供稿)

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