C++博客-洛译小筑-随笔分类-Effective C++

C++博客-洛译小筑-随笔分类-Effective C++ http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/category/3949.html别来无恙，我的老友…zh-cnSat, 23 Mar 2019 13:20:03 GMTSat, 23 Mar 2019 13:20:03 GMT60[ECPP读书笔记条目39] 审慎使用私有继承http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2012/10/12/ECPP_39.html★ROY★★ROY★Fri, 12 Oct 2012 15:39:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2012/10/12/ECPP_39.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/193232.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2012/10/12/ECPP_39.html#Feedback0http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/193232.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/193232.html·与组合不同，私有继承可以启用“空基类优化”特性。对于类库开发人员而言，私有继承对于降低对象尺寸来说至关重要。阅读全文

★ROY★ 2012-10-12 23:39 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目38] 使用组合来表示“A包含B”、“A以B的形式实现”http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2012/07/08/ECPP_38.html★ROY★★ROY★Sun, 08 Jul 2012 08:18:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2012/07/08/ECPP_38.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/182211.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2012/07/08/ECPP_38.html#Feedback2http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/182211.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/182211.html组合在应用域意味着“A是B”，在实现域意味着“A以B的形式实现”。阅读全文

★ROY★ 2012-07-08 16:18 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目37] 避免对函数中继承得来的默认参数值进行重定义http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2012/05/20/ECPP_37.html★ROY★★ROY★Sun, 20 May 2012 03:21:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2012/05/20/ECPP_37.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/175439.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2012/05/20/ECPP_37.html#Feedback0http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/175439.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/175439.html阅读全文

★ROY★ 2012-05-20 11:21 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目36] 避免对派生的非虚函数进行重定义http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2011/12/30/ECPP_36.html★ROY★★ROY★Fri, 30 Dec 2011 14:53:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2011/12/30/ECPP_36.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/163210.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2011/12/30/ECPP_36.html#Feedback1http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/163210.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/163210.html阅读全文

★ROY★ 2011-12-30 22:53 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目35] 虚函数的替代方案http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2011/12/25/ECPP_35.html★ROY★★ROY★Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:59:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2011/12/25/ECPP_35.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/162753.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2011/12/25/ECPP_35.html#Feedback2http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/162753.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/162753.html阅读全文

★ROY★ 2011-12-25 00:59 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目34] 区分清接口继承和实现继承http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2008/07/06/ECPP_34.html★ROY★★ROY★Sun, 06 Jul 2008 14:58:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2008/07/06/ECPP_34.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/55486.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2008/07/06/ECPP_34.html#Feedback3http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/55486.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/55486.html纯虚函数要求派生类仅继承接口。
简单（非纯）虚函数要求派生类在继承接口的同时继承默认的实现。
非虚函数要求派生类继承接口和强制内容的实现。
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★ROY★ 2008-07-06 22:58 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目33] 避免隐藏继承而来的名字http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2008/05/01/ECPP_33.html★ROY★★ROY★Wed, 30 Apr 2008 17:11:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2008/05/01/ECPP_33.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/48565.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2008/05/01/ECPP_33.html#Feedback2http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/48565.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/48565.html派生类中的名字会将基类中的名字隐藏起来。在公有继承体系下，这是我们所不希望见到的。
为了让被隐藏名字再次可见，可以使用using声明或者转发函数。
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★ROY★ 2008-05-01 01:11 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目32] 确保公共继承以“A是一个B”形式进行http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2008/03/17/ECPP_32.html★ROY★★ROY★Mon, 17 Mar 2008 14:55:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2008/03/17/ECPP_32.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/44718.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2008/03/17/ECPP_32.html#Feedback2http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/44718.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/44718.html阅读全文

★ROY★ 2008-03-17 22:55 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目31] 尽量减少文件间的编译依赖http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2008/01/01/ECPP_31.html★ROY★★ROY★Mon, 31 Dec 2007 17:37:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2008/01/01/ECPP_31.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/40082.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2008/01/01/ECPP_31.html#Feedback7http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/40082.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/40082.html库头文件必须以完整、并且仅存在声明的形式出现。无论是否涉及模板。
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★ROY★ 2008-01-01 01:37 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目30] 深入探究内联函数http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/11/18/ECPP_30.html★ROY★★ROY★Sun, 18 Nov 2007 15:27:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/11/18/ECPP_30.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/36909.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/11/18/ECPP_30.html#Feedback1http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/36909.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/36909.html不要将模板声明为inline的，因为它们一般在头文件中出现。

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★ROY★ 2007-11-18 23:27 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目29] 力求代码做到“异常安全”http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/10/04/ECPP_29.html★ROY★★ROY★Thu, 04 Oct 2007 13:53:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/10/04/ECPP_29.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/33454.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/10/04/ECPP_29.html#Feedback5http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/33454.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/33454.html增强保证可以通过复制并交换策略来实现，但是增强保证并不是对所有函数都适用。
函数所提供的异常安全保证通常不要强于其调用的函数中保证层次最弱的一个。
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★ROY★ 2007-10-04 21:53 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目28] 不要返回指向对象内部部件的“句柄” http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/09/23/ECPP_28.html★ROY★★ROY★Sun, 23 Sep 2007 15:25:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/09/23/ECPP_28.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/32753.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/09/23/ECPP_28.html#Feedback2http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/32753.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/32753.html阅读全文

★ROY★ 2007-09-23 23:25 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目27] 尽量少用转型操作http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/09/13/ECPP_27.html★ROY★★ROY★Thu, 13 Sep 2007 14:27:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/09/13/ECPP_27.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/32172.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/09/13/ECPP_27.html#Feedback3http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/32172.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/32172.html在必须使用转型时，要尝试将其隐藏在一个函数中。这样客户端程序员就可以调用这些函数，而不是在他们自己的代码中使用转型。
要尽量使用C++风格的转型，避免使用怀旧风格的转型。现代的转型更易读，而且功能更为具体化。
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★ROY★ 2007-09-13 22:27 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目26] 定义变量的时机越晚越好http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/08/19/ECPP_26.html★ROY★★ROY★Sun, 19 Aug 2007 14:00:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/08/19/ECPP_26.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/30383.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/08/19/ECPP_26.html#Feedback0http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/30383.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/30383.html 阅读全文

★ROY★ 2007-08-19 22:00 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目25] 最好不要让swap抛出异常http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/08/02/ECPP_25.html★ROY★★ROY★Thu, 02 Aug 2007 14:05:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/08/02/ECPP_25.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/29232.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/08/02/ECPP_25.html#Feedback3http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/29232.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/29232.html
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★ROY★ 2007-08-02 22:05 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目24] 当函数所有的参数需要进行类型转换时，要将其声明为非成员函数http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/07/05/ECPP_24.html★ROY★★ROY★Thu, 05 Jul 2007 15:23:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/07/05/ECPP_24.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/27578.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/07/05/ECPP_24.html#Feedback1http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/27578.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/27578.html阅读全文

★ROY★ 2007-07-05 23:23 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目23] 多用非成员非友元函数，少用成员函数http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/06/11/ECPP_23.html★ROY★★ROY★Mon, 11 Jun 2007 14:27:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/06/11/ECPP_23.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/26108.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/06/11/ECPP_23.html#Feedback0http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/26108.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/26108.html 阅读全文

★ROY★ 2007-06-11 22:27 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目22] 将数据成员声明为私有的http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/06/06/ECPP_22.html★ROY★★ROY★Wed, 06 Jun 2007 10:37:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/06/06/ECPP_22.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/25675.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/06/06/ECPP_22.html#Feedback0http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/25675.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/25675.htmlprotected并不会带来比public更高的封装性。
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★ROY★ 2007-06-06 18:37 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目21] 在必须返回一个对象时，不要去尝试返回一个引用http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/06/02/ECPP_21.html★ROY★★ROY★Sat, 02 Jun 2007 13:13:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/06/02/ECPP_21.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/25355.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/06/02/ECPP_21.html#Feedback2http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/25355.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/25355.html 阅读全文

★ROY★ 2007-06-02 21:13 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目20] 传参时要多用“引用常量”，少用传值http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/06/01/ECPP_20.html★ROY★★ROY★Fri, 01 Jun 2007 10:12:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/06/01/ECPP_20.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/25292.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/06/01/ECPP_20.html#Feedback3http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/25292.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/25292.html对于内建数据类型、STL迭代和函数对象类型，通常传值方式更实用。
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★ROY★ 2007-06-01 18:12 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目19] 要像设计类型一样设计classhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/20/ECPP_19.html★ROY★★ROY★Sun, 20 May 2007 15:30:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/20/ECPP_19.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/24496.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/20/ECPP_19.html#Feedback2http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/24496.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/24496.html阅读全文

★ROY★ 2007-05-20 23:30 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目18] 要让接口易于正确使用，而不易被误用http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/18/cp_18.html★ROY★★ROY★Fri, 18 May 2007 15:30:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/18/cp_18.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/24354.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/18/cp_18.html#Feedback0http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/24354.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/24354.html保持与内置数据类型有一致的行为，是使接口易于正确使用的一种可行的方法
防止错误发生的方法有：创建新的数据类型，严格限定类型的操作，约束对象的值，不要将管理资源的任务留给客户端程序员。
tr1::shared_ptr支持自定义的删除功能。这可以防止“跨DLL问题”，可以应用与自动解开互斥锁等情况。
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★ROY★ 2007-05-18 23:30 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目17] 用智能指针存储由new创建的对象时要使用独立的语句http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/15/ECPP_17.html★ROY★★ROY★Tue, 15 May 2007 15:12:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/15/ECPP_17.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/24175.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/15/ECPP_17.html#Feedback89http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/24175.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/24175.html 阅读全文

★ROY★ 2007-05-15 23:12 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目16] 互相关联的new和delete要使用同样的形式http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/14/ECPP_16.html★ROY★★ROY★Mon, 14 May 2007 14:15:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/14/ECPP_16.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/24115.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/14/ECPP_16.html#Feedback0http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/24115.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/24115.html 阅读全文

★ROY★ 2007-05-14 22:15 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目15] 要为资源管理类提供对原始资源的访问权http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/13/ECPP_15.html★ROY★★ROY★Sun, 13 May 2007 12:54:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/13/ECPP_15.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/24063.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/13/ECPP_15.html#Feedback0http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/24063.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/24063.html访问可以通过显式转换或隐式转换来实现。一般情况下，显式转换更安全，但是隐式转换对于客户端程序员来说使用更方便。
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★ROY★ 2007-05-13 20:54 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目14] 要注意资源管理类中的复制行为http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/11/ECPP_14.html★ROY★★ROY★Fri, 11 May 2007 10:40:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/11/ECPP_14.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/23921.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/11/ECPP_14.html#Feedback1http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/23921.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/23921.html一般的RAII类在复制时应遵循两条原则：不允许使用复制，要进行资源计数。
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★ROY★ 2007-05-11 18:40 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目13] 使用对象来管理资源http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/07/ECPP_13.html★ROY★★ROY★Mon, 07 May 2007 10:52:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/07/ECPP_13.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/23573.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/07/ECPP_13.html#Feedback0http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/23573.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/23573.htmlauto_ptr或TR1::shared_ptr是两个常用并且实用的RAII类。通常情况下TR1::shared_ptr是更好的选择，因为它的复制行为更加直观。复制一个auto_ptr将会使其重设为null。
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★ROY★ 2007-05-07 18:52 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目12] 要复制整个对象，不要遗漏任一部分http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/03/ECPP_12.html★ROY★★ROY★Thu, 03 May 2007 13:15:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/03/ECPP_12.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/23381.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/05/03/ECPP_12.html#Feedback1http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/23381.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/23381.html不要尝试去实现一个拷贝函数来供其它的拷贝函数调用。取而代之的是，把公共部分放入一个“第三方函数”中共所有拷贝函数调用。
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★ROY★ 2007-05-03 21:15 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目11] 在operator=中要考虑到自赋值问题http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/04/30/ECPP_11.html★ROY★★ROY★Mon, 30 Apr 2007 10:38:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/04/30/ECPP_11.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/23254.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/04/30/ECPP_11.html#Feedback1http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/23254.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/23254.html在一个对象为自己赋值时，要确保operator=可以正常地运行。可以使用的技术有：比较源对象和目标对象的地址、谨慎安排语句、以及“复制并交换”。
在两个或两个以上的对象完全一样时，要确保对于这些重复对象的操作可以正常运行。
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★ROY★ 2007-04-30 18:38 发表评论

]]>[ECPP读书笔记条目10] 让赋值运算符返回一个指向*this的引用http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/04/28/ECPP_10.html★ROY★★ROY★Sat, 28 Apr 2007 12:35:00 GMThttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/04/28/ECPP_10.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/23136.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/archive/2007/04/28/ECPP_10.html#Feedback4http://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/comments/commentRss/23136.htmlhttp://www.cppblog.com/tiandejian/services/trackbacks/23136.html 阅读全文

★ROY★ 2007-04-28 20:35 发表评论

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