看看两端代码,区别重要在:
一个是:inline int const& max申明在template <typename T> 
inline T const& max之前。
// maximum of two int values 
inline int const& max (int const& a, int const& b) 
{ 
    return a<b?b:a; 
}
// maximum of two values of any type 
template <typename T> 
inline T const& max (T const& a, T const& b) 
{ 
    return a<b?b:a; 
} 
// maximum of three values of any type 
template <typename T> 
inline T const& max (T const& a, T const& b, T const& c) 
{ 
    return max (max(a,b), c); 
}                              
一个是:inline int const& max申明在template <typename T> 
inline T const& max之后。
// maximum of two values of any type 
template <typename T> 
inline T const& max (T const& a, T const& b) 
{ 
    return a<b?b:a; 
} 
// maximum of three values of any type 
template <typename T> 
inline T const& max (T const& a, T const& b, T const& c) 
{ 
    return max (max(a,b), c); 
}
// maximum of two int values 
inline int const& max (int const& a, int const& b) 
{ 
    return a<b?b:a; 
} 
调用程序:
int main( )
{
      //当然这里本来就写得不好,要先显式申明写局部变量......
      // 看你了解多少,讨论讨论两种执行可能的执行路径,即:FunctionTemplate的调用路径!!!
      ::max( 4, 10 ,15 ); 
} 
			
			
		 
	
		
			
			
			VC编译器对FunctionTemplate实例化的优化:
看下面Template代码:
inline int const& max (int const& a, int const& b) 
{ 
    return a<b?b:a; 
} 
// maximum of two values of any type 
template <typename T> 
inline T const& max (T const& a, T const& b) 
{ 
    return a<b?b:a; 
} 
// maximum of three values of any type 
template <typename T> 
inline T const& max (T const& a, T const& b, T const& c) 
{ 
    return max (max(a,b), c); 
} 
inline int const& max (int const& a, int const& b) 已经是template <typename T> 
inline T const& max (T const& a, T const& b) 对类型int的实例化,所以,凡是需要调用max<int>时,VC 编译器都不在再用max<int>来Instantiate max Function Template.
int main () 
{ 
    ::max(7, 42, 68); // calls the template for three arguments first, then call inline int const& max   
       
    ::max(7.0, 42.0); // calls max<double> (by argument deduction) 
    ::max('a', 'b'); // calls max<char> (by argument deduction) 
    ::max(7, 42);  // calls the nontemplate for two ints 
 
    ::max<>(7, 42);  // call inline int const& max
    ::max<int>(7, 42); // call inline int const& max
    ::max<int>(7.0, 42.0); // call inline int const& max
    ::max<double>(7, 42); // calls max<double> (no argument deduction) 
   return 0;
}