﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:trackback="http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"><channel><title>C++博客-ifensin-随笔分类-C++</title><link>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/category/11304.html</link><description>c++,.Net</description><language>zh-cn</language><lastBuildDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2009 05:34:23 GMT</lastBuildDate><pubDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2009 05:34:23 GMT</pubDate><ttl>60</ttl><item><title>在C++中实现C#的delegate机制</title><link>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/09/02/95073.html</link><dc:creator>ifensin</dc:creator><author>ifensin</author><pubDate>Wed, 02 Sep 2009 02:16:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/09/02/95073.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/comments/95073.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/09/02/95073.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/comments/commentRss/95073.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/services/trackbacks/95073.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<p>由于这段时间较忙，自从上次我发布了一个供初学者学习的&#8220;MFC&#8221;程序后，就没怎么写文章了。这段时间在忙新的项目，项目逻辑还算复杂，用了好多有闪光点的技术，下面我要讨论的是闪光点之一：在C++中实现C#的delegate机制。 </p>
<p>用过C#的朋友都觉得C#的确是个好语言，但有时由于特殊需要，不得不用C++，在C++中要想实现C#中的Thread等也是可行的，不过代码要稍复杂。 </p>
<p>以例子来说明：</p>
<p>view plaincopy to clipboardprint?<br>class&nbsp;&nbsp; Sdk&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>public:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; void&nbsp;&nbsp; DoSomething();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>};&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; <br>class&nbsp;&nbsp; client&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>public:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sdk&nbsp;&nbsp; m_sdk;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; void&nbsp;&nbsp; DoSomething{}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; m_sdk.DoSomething();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; void&nbsp;&nbsp; OnMessage()&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>}&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>class&nbsp;&nbsp; Sdk <br>{ <br>public: <br>&nbsp;void&nbsp;&nbsp; DoSomething();&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>}; </p>
<p>class&nbsp;&nbsp; client <br>{ <br>public: <br>&nbsp;Sdk&nbsp;&nbsp; m_sdk; <br>&nbsp;void&nbsp;&nbsp; DoSomething{} <br>&nbsp;{ <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;m_sdk.DoSomething(); <br>&nbsp;} </p>
<p>&nbsp;void&nbsp;&nbsp; OnMessage() <br>&nbsp;{ <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;// <br>&nbsp;} <br>}&nbsp; </p>
<p>这个例子比较简单，Sdk用来实现某个功能，client是客户程序，要想在m_sdk做处理的时候能发送通知到client，有几个方法可以实现， 其一是发线程消息，其一是回调，但传统的回调对面向对象的支持并不好，这就是实现delegate的出发点。 下面是一个实现：</p>
<p>view plaincopy to clipboardprint?<br>class&nbsp;&nbsp; Delegate&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>public:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; virtual&nbsp;&nbsp; ~Delegate(void){&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; virtual&nbsp;&nbsp; void&nbsp;&nbsp; operator()(void)&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>};&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>template &lt;typename&nbsp;&nbsp; C&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>class&nbsp;&nbsp; DelegateImpl&nbsp;&nbsp; :&nbsp;&nbsp; public&nbsp;&nbsp; Delegate&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>private:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; typedef&nbsp;&nbsp; void&nbsp;&nbsp; (C::*F)(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; C*&nbsp;&nbsp; m_class;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F&nbsp;&nbsp; m_fun;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>public:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; DelegateImpl(C*&nbsp;&nbsp; c,&nbsp;&nbsp; F&nbsp;&nbsp; f){&nbsp;&nbsp; m_class&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; c;&nbsp;&nbsp; m_fun&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; f;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; virtual&nbsp;&nbsp; void&nbsp;&nbsp; operator()(void)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if(m_class)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return&nbsp;&nbsp; (m_class-&gt; *m_fun)();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>};&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>class&nbsp;&nbsp; Delegate <br>{ <br>public: <br>&nbsp;virtual&nbsp;&nbsp; ~Delegate(void){&nbsp;&nbsp; } <br>&nbsp;virtual&nbsp;&nbsp; void&nbsp;&nbsp; operator()(void)&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; 0; <br>}; <br>template &lt;typename&nbsp;&nbsp; C&gt; <br>class&nbsp;&nbsp; DelegateImpl&nbsp;&nbsp; :&nbsp;&nbsp; public&nbsp;&nbsp; Delegate <br>{ <br>private: <br>&nbsp;typedef&nbsp;&nbsp; void&nbsp;&nbsp; (C::*F)(void); <br>&nbsp;C*&nbsp;&nbsp; m_class; <br>&nbsp;F&nbsp;&nbsp; m_fun; <br>public: <br>&nbsp;DelegateImpl(C*&nbsp;&nbsp; c,&nbsp;&nbsp; F&nbsp;&nbsp; f){&nbsp;&nbsp; m_class&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; c;&nbsp;&nbsp; m_fun&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; f;&nbsp;&nbsp; } <br>&nbsp;virtual&nbsp;&nbsp; void&nbsp;&nbsp; operator()(void) <br>&nbsp;{ <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;if(m_class) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return&nbsp;&nbsp; (m_class-&gt; *m_fun)(); <br>&nbsp;} <br>}; <br>&nbsp;</p>
<p>有了上面代码，再稍加修改sdk和client代码就能实现事件通知了：</p>
<p>view plaincopy to clipboardprint?<br>class&nbsp;&nbsp; Sdk&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>public:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Delegate*&nbsp;&nbsp; pEvent;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sdk():&nbsp;&nbsp; pEvent(NULL)&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; void&nbsp;&nbsp; DoSomething()&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cout &lt; &lt;"opened" &lt; &lt;endl;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if(pEvent&nbsp;&nbsp; !=&nbsp;&nbsp; NULL)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (*pEvent)(&nbsp;&nbsp; );&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>};&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; <br>class&nbsp;&nbsp; client&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>private:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sdk&nbsp;&nbsp; m_sdk;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; <br>public:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; client()&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; m_sdk.pEvent&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; new&nbsp;&nbsp; Delegate &lt;client&gt; (this,&nbsp;&nbsp; OnOpen);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; void&nbsp;&nbsp; DoSomething()&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; m_sdk.DoSomething();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; void&nbsp;&nbsp; OnDoSomething()&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cout &lt; &lt;"event&nbsp;&nbsp; fired" &lt; &lt;endl;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>}&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>class&nbsp;&nbsp; Sdk <br>{ <br>public: <br>&nbsp;Delegate*&nbsp;&nbsp; pEvent; <br>&nbsp;sdk():&nbsp;&nbsp; pEvent(NULL)&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp;&nbsp; } <br>&nbsp;void&nbsp;&nbsp; DoSomething() <br>&nbsp;{ <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;cout &lt; &lt;"opened" &lt; &lt;endl; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;if(pEvent&nbsp;&nbsp; !=&nbsp;&nbsp; NULL) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(*pEvent)(&nbsp;&nbsp; ); <br>&nbsp;} <br>}; </p>
<p>class&nbsp;&nbsp; client <br>{ <br>private: <br>&nbsp;Sdk&nbsp;&nbsp; m_sdk; </p>
<p>public: <br>&nbsp;client() <br>&nbsp;{ <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;m_sdk.pEvent&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; new&nbsp;&nbsp; Delegate &lt;client&gt; (this,&nbsp;&nbsp; OnOpen); <br>&nbsp;} <br>&nbsp;void&nbsp;&nbsp; DoSomething() <br>&nbsp;{ <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;m_sdk.DoSomething(); <br>&nbsp;} </p>
<p>&nbsp;void&nbsp;&nbsp; OnDoSomething() <br>&nbsp;{ <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;cout &lt; &lt;"event&nbsp;&nbsp; fired" &lt; &lt;endl; <br>&nbsp;} <br>} <br>&nbsp;</p>
<p>上面的实现有不少局限性，事件处理方法的返回值和参数设置不是十分灵活，因此可以用宏定义优代以上代码， 下面给出我的全部代码，请朋友指正。</p>
<p>view plaincopy to clipboardprint?<br>//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>//delegate 0&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>#define DEFINE_DELEGATE(NAME, R)\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>class NAME##Delegate\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>public:\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; virtual ~NAME##Delegate(void){ }\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; virtual R operator()(void) = 0;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>};\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; template&lt;typename C&gt;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>class NAME##DelegateImpl : public NAME##Delegate\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>private:\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; typedef R (C::*F)(void);\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; C* m_class;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F m_fun;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>public:\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; NAME##DelegateImpl(C* c, F f){ m_class = c; m_fun = f; }\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; virtual R operator()(void)\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if(m_class)\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return (m_class-&gt;*m_fun)();\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>}\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>};\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; template&lt;typename C, typename F&gt;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; NAME##Delegate* Make##NAME##Delegate(C* c, F f)\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return new NAME##DelegateImpl&lt;C&gt;(c, f);\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>}&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>//delegate 1&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>#define DEFINE_DELEGATE(NAME, R, P1)\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>class NAME##Delegate\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>public:\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; virtual ~NAME##Delegate(void){ }\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; virtual R operator()(P1 p1) = 0;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>};\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; template&lt;typename C&gt;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>class NAME##DelegateImpl : public NAME##Delegate\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>private:\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; typedef R (C::*F)(P1);\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; C* m_class;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F m_fun;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>public:\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; NAME##DelegateImpl(C* c, F f){ m_class = c; m_fun = f; }\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; virtual R operator()(P1 p1)\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if(m_class)\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return (m_class-&gt;*m_fun)(p1);\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>}\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>};\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; template&lt;typename C, typename F&gt;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; NAME##Delegate* Make##NAME##Delegate(C* c, F f)\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return new NAME##DelegateImpl&lt;C&gt;(c, f);\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>}&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>//delegate 2&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>#define DEFINE_DELEGATE(NAME, R, P1, P2)\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>class NAME##Delegate\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>public:\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; virtual ~NAME##Delegate(void){ }\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; virtual R operator()(P1 p1, P2 p2) = 0;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>};\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; template&lt;typename C&gt;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>class NAME##DelegateImpl : public NAME##Delegate\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>private:\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; typedef R (C::*F)(P1, P2);\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; C* m_class;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F m_fun;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>public:\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; NAME##DelegateImpl(C* c, F f){ m_class = c; m_fun = f; }\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; virtual R operator()(P1 p1, P2 p2)\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if(m_class)\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return (m_class-&gt;*m_fun)(p1, p2);\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>}\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>};\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; template&lt;typename C, typename F&gt;\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; NAME##Delegate* Make##NAME##Delegate(C* c, F f)\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>{\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return new NAME##DelegateImpl&lt;C&gt;(c, f);\&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>}&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; <br>/*&nbsp; <br>//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////&nbsp; <br>//sample&nbsp; <br>DEFINE_DELEGATE(Open, void, int, string)&nbsp; <br>class sdk&nbsp; <br>{&nbsp; <br>public:&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; OpenDelegate* pEvent;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sdk(): pEvent(NULL) { }&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; void Open()&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cout&lt;&lt;"opened"&lt;&lt;endl;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if(pEvent != NULL)&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (*pEvent)(100, "你好");&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp; <br>};&nbsp; <br>class client&nbsp; <br>{&nbsp; <br>private:&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sdk m_sdk;&nbsp; <br>public:&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; client()&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; m_sdk.pEvent = MakeOpenDelegate(this, OnOpen2);&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; void Open()&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; m_sdk.Open();&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; void OnOpen()&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cout&lt;&lt;"Open event fired"&lt;&lt;endl;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; void OnOpen2(int t, string str)&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cout&lt;&lt;"Open event fired, Param = "&lt;&lt;t&lt;&lt;"param2 = "&lt;&lt;str.c_str()&lt;&lt;endl;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }&nbsp; <br>};&nbsp; <br>*/&nbsp; </p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>本文来自CSDN博客，转载请标明出处：<a href="http://blog.csdn.net/gisfarmer/archive/2009/04/13/4068283.aspx">http://blog.csdn.net/gisfarmer/archive/2009/04/13/4068283.aspx</a></p>
<img src ="http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/aggbug/95073.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/" target="_blank">ifensin</a> 2009-09-02 10:16 <a href="http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/09/02/95073.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>VC常用数据类型及其转换</title><link>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/07/26/91226.html</link><dc:creator>ifensin</dc:creator><author>ifensin</author><pubDate>Sun, 26 Jul 2009 02:47:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/07/26/91226.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/comments/91226.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/07/26/91226.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/comments/commentRss/91226.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/services/trackbacks/91226.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<p>我们先定义一些常见类型变量借以说明 </p>
<p>int i = 100; <br>long l = 2001; <br>float f=300.2; <br>double d=12345.119; <br>char username[]="MediX医用计算与数据系统"; <br>char temp[200]; <br>char *buf; <br>CString str; <br>_variant_t v1; <br>_bstr_t v2; </p>
<p>一、其它数据类型转换为字符串 </p>
<p>短整型(int) <br>itoa(i,temp,10);///将i转换为字符串放入temp中,最后一个数字表示十进制 <br>itoa(i,temp,2); ///按二进制方式转换 <br>长整型(long) <br>ltoa(l,temp,10); </p>
<p><br>二、从其它包含字符串的变量中获取指向该字符串的指针 </p>
<p>CString变量 <br>str = "2008北京奥运"; <br>buf = (LPSTR)(LPCTSTR)str; <br>BSTR类型的_variant_t变量 <br>v1 = (_bstr_t)"程序员"; <br>buf = _com_util::ConvertBSTRToString((_bstr_t)v1); </p>
<p>三、字符串转换为其它数据类型 <br>strcpy(temp,"123"); </p>
<p>短整型(int) <br>i = atoi(temp); <br>长整型(long) <br>l = atol(temp); <br>浮点(double) <br>d = atof(temp); </p>
<p>四、其它数据类型转换到CString <br>使用CString的成员函数Format来转换,例如: </p>
<p>整数(int) <br>str.Format("%d",i); <br>浮点数(float) <br>str.Format("%f",i); <br>字符串指针(char *)等已经被CString构造函数支持的数据类型可以直接赋值 <br>str = username; </p>
<p>五、BSTR、_bstr_t与CComBSTR </p>
<p>CComBSTR、_bstr_t是对BSTR的封装,BSTR是指向字符串的32位指针。 <br>char *转换到BSTR可以这样: BSTR b=_com_util::ConvertStringToBSTR("数据");///使用前需要加上头文件comutil.h <br>反之可以使用char *p=_com_util::ConvertBSTRToString(b); </p>
<p><br>六、VARIANT 、_variant_t 与 COleVariant </p>
<p>VARIANT的结构可以参考头文件VC98\Include\OAIDL.H中关于结构体tagVARIANT的定义。 <br>对于VARIANT变量的赋值：首先给vt成员赋值，指明数据类型，再对联合结构中相同数据类型的变量赋值，举个例子： <br>VARIANT va; <br>int a=2001; <br>va.vt=VT_I4;///指明整型数据 <br>va.lVal=a; ///赋值 </p>
<p>对于不马上赋值的VARIANT，最好先用Void VariantInit(VARIANTARG FAR* pvarg);进行初始化,其本质是将vt设置为VT_EMPTY,下表我们列举vt与常用数据的对应关系: </p>
<p>unsigned char bVal; VT_UI1 <br>short iVal; VT_I2 <br>long lVal; VT_I4 <br>float fltVal; VT_R4 <br>double dblVal; VT_R8 <br>VARIANT_BOOL boolVal; VT_BOOL <br>SCODE scode; VT_ERROR <br>CY cyVal; VT_CY <br>DATE date; VT_DATE <br>BSTR bstrVal; VT_BSTR <br>IUnknown FAR* punkVal; VT_UNKNOWN <br>IDispatch FAR* pdispVal; VT_DISPATCH <br>SAFEARRAY FAR* parray; VT_ARRAY|* <br>unsigned char FAR* pbVal; VT_BYREF|VT_UI1 <br>short FAR* piVal; VT_BYREF|VT_I2 <br>long FAR* plVal; VT_BYREF|VT_I4 <br>float FAR* pfltVal; VT_BYREF|VT_R4 <br>double FAR* pdblVal; VT_BYREF|VT_R8 <br>VARIANT_BOOL FAR* pboolVal; VT_BYREF|VT_BOOL <br>SCODE FAR* pscode; VT_BYREF|VT_ERROR <br>CY FAR* pcyVal; VT_BYREF|VT_CY <br>DATE FAR* pdate; VT_BYREF|VT_DATE <br>BSTR FAR* pbstrVal; VT_BYREF|VT_BSTR <br>IUnknown FAR* FAR* ppunkVal; VT_BYREF|VT_UNKNOWN <br>IDispatch FAR* FAR* ppdispVal; VT_BYREF|VT_DISPATCH <br>SAFEARRAY FAR* FAR* pparray; VT_ARRAY|* <br>VARIANT FAR* pvarVal; VT_BYREF|VT_VARIANT <br>void FAR* byref; VT_BYREF </p>
<p>_variant_t是VARIANT的封装类，其赋值可以使用强制类型转换，其构造函数会自动处理这些数据类型。 <br>例如： <br>long l=222; <br>ing i=100; <br>_variant_t lVal(l); <br>lVal = (long)i; </p>
<p>COleVariant的使用与_variant_t的方法基本一样，请参考如下例子： <br>COleVariant v3 = "字符串", v4 = (long)1999; <br>CString str =(BSTR)v3.pbstrVal; <br>long i = v4.lVal; </p>
<p>七、其它 </p>
<p>对消息的处理中我们经常需要将WPARAM或LPARAM等32位数据(DWORD)分解成两个16位数据(WORD),例如： <br>LPARAM lParam; <br>WORD loValue = LOWORD(lParam);///取低16位 <br>WORD hiValue = HIWORD(lParam);///取高16位 <br>对于16位的数据(WORD)我们可以用同样的方法分解成高低两个8位数据(BYTE),例如: <br>WORD wValue; <br>BYTE loValue = LOBYTE(wValue);///取低8位 <br>BYTE hiValue = HIBYTE(wValue);///取高8位&nbsp;&nbsp; </p>
<p>本文来自CSDN博客，转载请标明出处：<a href="http://blog.csdn.net/icycoffee/archive/2008/02/27/2125360.aspx">http://blog.csdn.net/icycoffee/archive/2008/02/27/2125360.aspx</a></p>
<img src ="http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/aggbug/91226.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/" target="_blank">ifensin</a> 2009-07-26 10:47 <a href="http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/07/26/91226.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>C C++相关网址</title><link>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/07/25/91154.html</link><dc:creator>ifensin</dc:creator><author>ifensin</author><pubDate>Sat, 25 Jul 2009 10:31:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/07/25/91154.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/comments/91154.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/07/25/91154.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/comments/commentRss/91154.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/services/trackbacks/91154.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<font face=Tahoma size=2>C函数实例参考手册&nbsp; </font><a href="http://www.codeguru.cn/CPP/CExample/">http://www.codeguru.cn/CPP/CExample/</a><br>CodeGuruCn&nbsp; <a href="http://www.codeguru.cn/">http://www.codeguru.cn/</a><br>CodeGurn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.codeguru.com/">http://www.codeguru.com/</a><br>CodeProject&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="http://www.codeproject.com/">http://www.codeproject.com</a><br>C++搜索&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="http://www.koders.com/?s=strlen&amp;scope=FP1TSL7HMVAHHECG6GX2F1PG2F&amp;la=C">http://www.koders.com/?s=strlen&amp;scope=FP1TSL7HMVAHHECG6GX2F1PG2F&amp;la=C</a><br>嵌入式研究网&nbsp; <a href="http://www.cnemb.com/">http://www.cnemb.com/</a><br>ChinaUnix&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="http://www.chinaunix.net/">http://www.chinaunix.net/</a><br>VC开源项目 <a href="http://www.codeproject.com/KB/cpp/OpenSource_VC_MFC.aspx">http://www.codeproject.com/KB/cpp/OpenSource_VC_MFC.aspx</a><br>C C++源代码下载赛迪网 <a href="http://bbs.java.ccidnet.com/thread.php?fid=64">http://bbs.java.ccidnet.com/thread.php?fid=64</a><br>VC在线 <a href="http://www.vczx.com/">http://www.vczx.com/</a><br>VC知识库 <a href="http://www.vckbase.com/">http://www.vckbase.com/</a><br>Visual C++开发指南 <a href="http://www.vchelp.net/services/about_us/index2.asp">http://www.vchelp.net/services/about_us/index2.asp</a><br>孟子E章&nbsp; <a href="http://blog.csdn.net/net_lover/">http://blog.csdn.net/net_lover/</a><br>VC DIY俱乐部&nbsp; <a href="http://www.diybl.com/course/3_program/vc/">http://www.diybl.com/course/3_program/vc/</a><br>编程中国 <a href="http://www.bccn.net/Article/kfyy/vc/jszl/Index.html">http://www.bccn.net/Article/kfyy/vc/jszl/Index.html</a><br><br>
<img src ="http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/aggbug/91154.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/" target="_blank">ifensin</a> 2009-07-25 18:31 <a href="http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/07/25/91154.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>C++基本数据类型的转移</title><link>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/07/25/91152.html</link><dc:creator>ifensin</dc:creator><author>ifensin</author><pubDate>Sat, 25 Jul 2009 10:18:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/07/25/91152.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/comments/91152.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/07/25/91152.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/comments/commentRss/91152.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/services/trackbacks/91152.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<strong><font size=4><font color=#ff0000>#include &lt;string&gt;<br>// 使用CString必须使用MFC，并且不可包含&lt;windows.h&gt;<br></font>#define _AFXDLL<br>#include &lt;afx.h&gt;<br>using namespace std;<br>//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>//将 单字节char* 转换为 宽字节 wchar*<br>inline wchar_t* AnsiToUnicode( const char* szStr )<br>{<br>int nLen = MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP, MB_PRECOMPOSED, szStr, -1, NULL, 0 );<br>if (nLen == 0)<br>{<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; return NULL;<br>}<br>wchar_t* pResult = new wchar_t[nLen];<br>MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP, MB_PRECOMPOSED, szStr, -1, pResult, nLen );<br>return pResult;<br>}<br>//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>// 将 宽字节wchar_t* 转换 单字节char*<br>inline char* UnicodeToAnsi( const wchar_t* szStr )<br>{<br>int nLen = WideCharToMultiByte( CP_ACP, 0, szStr, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL );<br>if (nLen == 0)<br>{<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; return NULL;<br>}<br>char* pResult = new char[nLen];<br>WideCharToMultiByte( CP_ACP, 0, szStr, -1, pResult, nLen, NULL, NULL );<br>return pResult;<br>}<br>//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>// 将单字符 string 转换为宽字符 wstring<br>inline void Ascii2WideString( const std::string&amp; szStr, std::wstring&amp; wszStr )<br>{<br>int nLength = MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP, 0, szStr.c_str(), -1, NULL, NULL );<br>wszStr.resize(nLength);<br>LPWSTR lpwszStr = new wchar_t[nLength];<br>MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP, 0, szStr.c_str(), -1, lpwszStr, nLength );<br>wszStr = lpwszStr;<br>delete [] lpwszStr;<br>}<br>//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])<br>{<br>char*&nbsp;&nbsp; pChar = "我喜欢char";<br>wchar_t* pWideChar = L"我讨厌wchar_t";<br>wchar_t&nbsp;&nbsp; tagWideCharList[100] ;<br>char&nbsp;&nbsp; ch = 'A';<br>char&nbsp;&nbsp; tagChar[100] = {NULL};<br>CString&nbsp;&nbsp; cStr;<br>std::string str;</font></strong>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注：设置语言环境以便输出WideChar<br>setlocale(LC_ALL,"chs");</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注： char* 转换 wchar_t*<br>// 注： wchar_t 未重载 &lt;&lt; ，所以不可使用 cout &lt;&lt; 输出<br>pWideChar = AnsiToUnicode( pChar );<br>// 注：printf("%ls") 和 wprintf(L"%s") 一致<br>printf( "%ls\n", pWideChar );</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注：wchar_t* 转换 wchar_t[]<br>wcscpy ( tagWideCharList, pWideChar );<br>wprintf( L"%s\n", tagWideCharList );</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注：wchar_t[] 转换 wchar_t*<br>pWideChar = tagWideCharList;<br>wprintf( L"%s\n", pWideChar );</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font color=#0000ff size=4>// 注：char 转换 string<br>str.insert( str.begin(), ch );<br>cout &lt;&lt; str &lt;&lt; endl;</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注：wchar_t* 转换 string<br>pWideChar = new wchar_t[str.length()];<br>swprintf( pWideChar, L"%s", str.c_str());<br>wprintf( L"%s\n", pWideChar );</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font color=#ff6600 size=4>// 注：string 转换 char*<br>pChar = const_cast&lt;char*&gt;(str.c_str());<br>cout &lt;&lt; pChar &lt;&lt; endl;</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注：char* 转换 string<br>str = std::string(pChar);<br>// 注： cout 的 &lt;&lt; 重载了string, 若printf 的话必须 printf("%s", str.c_str()); <br>//&nbsp;&nbsp; 而不可 print( "%s", str ); 因为 str 是个 string 类<br>cout &lt;&lt; str &lt;&lt; endl;</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注：string 转换 char[]<br>str = "无聊啊无聊";<br>strcpy( tagChar, str.c_str() );<br>printf( "%s\n", tagChar );</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注：string 转换 CString;<br>cStr = str.c_str();</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注：CString 转换 string <br>str = string(cStr.GetBuffer(cStr.GetLength()));</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注：char* 转换 CString<br>cStr = pChar;</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注：CString 转换 char*<br>pChar = cStr.GetBuffer( cStr.GetLength() );</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注：CString 转换 char[]<br>strncpy( tagChar, (LPCTSTR)CString, sizeof(tagChar));</font></strong></p>
<p><strong><font size=4>// 注：CString 转换 wchar_t*<br>pWideChar = cStr.AllocSysString();<br>printf( "%ls\n", pWideChar );<br>}</font></strong></p>
<img src ="http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/aggbug/91152.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/" target="_blank">ifensin</a> 2009-07-25 18:18 <a href="http://www.cppblog.com/ifensin/archive/2009/07/25/91152.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item></channel></rss>