C++博客-★Snowhill ★-文章分类-数据库-oracle

sqlserver 2005自定义数据类型

snowhill — Tue, 05 Apr 2016 08:29:00 GMT

用户定义类型也称之为别名类型，可以用如下方法创建。以下清单在Sql2005查询分析器中验证通过

--创建用户定义类型方法一：
CREATE TYPE SSN
FROM varchar(11) NOT NULL ;
--删除用户定义类型
drop type ssn

--定义两个用户定义类型方法二：
exec sp_addtype iq, 'float', 'null'
exec sp_addtype shoesize, 'float','null'

--指定约束条件
create rule iq_range as @range between 1 and 200
create rule shoesize_range as @range between 1 and 20

--绑定约束类型
exec sp_bindrule 'iq_range','iq'
exec sp_bindrule 'shoesize_range','shoesize'

--删除用户定义类型
exec sp_droptype iq
exec sp_droptype shoesize

snowhill 2016-04-05 16:29 发表评论

ASM文件管理amdu/dd

snowhill — Mon, 21 Dec 2015 08:00:00 GMT

ASM文件管理手札之----AMDU/DD

随着数据库新版本的推广ASM肯定会越来越被重视,最近准备系统的学习下ASM,以备突发情况需要。在11g里未出来之前，能做的很有限，想要copyASM里一个文件出来，只有用DD和exec dbms_file_transfer.copy_file（）,如果块坏了，那只能用DD找到对应的文件DD出来，再做BBED分析。在11G里出了AMDU,这个可以使用在10G上。下面了解下其用法，并和DD对比，起一个抛砖的作用。

AMDU是oracle 11g自带的一款asm文件抽取工具,也可以给oracle 10g用，用法参见oracle metalink 553639.1：

下载下来：

unzip amdu_X86-64.zip

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=./

抽取spfile

select name,file_number,alias_index,file_incarnation from v$asm_alias where name like '%spfile%'; NAME FILE_NUMBER ALIAS_INDEX FILE_INCARNATION spfile.266.866828907 266 477 866828907 spfiledb.ora 266 227 866828907 [grid@mysql-1]$ amdu -diskstring '/dev/raw/raw*' -extract data.266 [grid@mysql-1]$ strings DATA_266.f db1.__db_cache_size=134217728 db2.__db_cache_size=146800640 db1.__java_pool_size=4194304 db2.__java_pool_size=4194304 db1.__large_pool_size=8388608 db2.__large_pool_size=8388608 db2.__oracle_base='/opt/oracle' #ORACLE_BASE set from environment ………….. " v:shapes="_x0000_s1035"> SELECT a.GROUP_KFFXP, a.DISK_KFFXP, a.AU_KFFXP, b.path,c.name FROM x$kffxp a, v$asm_disk b, v$asm_alias c WHERE a.number_kffxp = c.file_number AND a.GROUP_KFFXP = b.group_number AND a.disk_kffxp = b.disk_number AND b.group_number=1 AND c.name LIKE '%spfile%'; GROUP_KFFXP DISK_KFFXP AU_KFFXP PATH NAME 1 0 208 /dev/raw/raw4 spfiledb.ora 1 0 208 /dev/raw/raw4 spfile.266.866828907 " v:shapes="_x0000_s1034">select name,block_size,allocation_unit_size,state,type from v$asm_diskgroup; NAME BLOCK_SIZE ALLOCATION_UNIT_SIZE STATE TYPE DATA 4096 4194304 CONNECTED EXTERN ARCH 4096 0 DISMOUNTED " v:shapes="_x0000_s1033">select file#,name,bytes/1024/1024 from v$datafile where name like '%users%'; FILE# NAME BYTES/1024/1024 4 +DATA/db/users01.dbf 2728.75 5 +DATA/db/datafile/users.274.896306467 100 #amdu -diskstring '/dev/raw/raw*' -extract data.274 #cat report.txt ************************** EXTRACTING FILE DATA.274 ************************** Creating file: DATA_274.f Extraction wrote: 104865792 bytes Stripe size: 4194304 bytes Stripe columns: 1 Mirror copies: 1 Block size: 8192 bytes File size: 12801 blocks File type: 2 Extent size #1: 4294967295 extents of 1 AUs Extent size #2: 0 extents of 1 AUs Extent size #3: 0 extents of 1 AUs Extent size #4: 4294967295 extents of 1 AUs Creation time: 2015/11/20 22:01:07.797000 Modified time: 2015/12/18 20:00:00.000000 Data extents in file: 26 Data extents found: 26 Blocks not found: 0 blocks " v:shapes="_x0000_s1030">select 'dd if='||b.path||' bs=4194304 count=1 skip='||au_kffxp||' of=users_'||XNUM_KFFXP||'.dbf' FROM x$kffxp a, v$asm_disk b, v$asm_alias c WHERE a.number_kffxp = c.file_number AND a.GROUP_KFFXP = b.group_number AND a.disk_kffxp = b.disk_number AND b.group_number=1 AND c.name LIKE '%USERS.274%' order by XNUM_KFFXP dd if=/dev/raw/raw4 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=392 of=users_0.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=571 of=users_1.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw3 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=384 of=users_2.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw4 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=393 of=users_3.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=572 of=users_4.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw3 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=385 of=users_5.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=573 of=users_6.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw4 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=394 of=users_7.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=574 of=users_8.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw3 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=386 of=users_9.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=575 of=users_10.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw4 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=395 of=users_11.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw3 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=387 of=users_12.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=704 of=users_13.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw4 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=396 of=users_14.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=705 of=users_15.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw3 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=388 of=users_16.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=706 of=users_17.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw4 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=397 of=users_18.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw3 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=389 of=users_19.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=707 of=users_20.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw4 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=398 of=users_21.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=708 of=users_22.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw3 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=390 of=users_23.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=709 of=users_24.dbf dd if=/dev/raw/raw4 bs=4194304 count=1 skip=399 of=users_25.dbf " v:shapes="_x0000_s1028">

snowhill 2015-12-21 16:00 发表评论

linux添加一个节点 (oracle 11.2.0.4)

snowhill — Sat, 09 May 2015 16:02:00 GMT

linux添加一个节点测试用：
A:RHEL 5.4 x86_64
B:CENTOS 6.4 x86_64

常规的安装配置外追加

一　验证前检查：

./sshUserSetup.sh -user grid -hosts "grid-1 mysql-1" -noPromptPassphrase

./sshUserSetup.sh -user oracle -hosts "grid-1 mysql-1" -noPromptPassphrase

./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre nodeadd -n mysql-1 -fixup -verbose

cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/

./cluvfy stage -pre nodeadd -n mysql-1 -fixup -verbose

二　接着进入GI安装目录的oui/bin子目录，执行以下命令将新节点node2加入集群中：

cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin

cd ../oui/bin/

export IGNORE_PREADDNODE_CHECKS=Y

./addNode.sh -silent "CLUSTER_NEW_NODES={mysql-1}" "CLUSTER_NEW_VIRTUAL_HOSTNAMES={mysql-1-vip}" "CLUSTER_NEW_PRIVATE_NODE_NAMES={mysql-1-priv}" &>~/add_node.log

/opt/crs/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh #On nodes mysql-1

/opt/crs/product/root.sh #On nodes mysql-1

如果执行失败需deconfig再次执行

/opt/crs/product/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -deconfig -force

查看日志报错是由acfs引起,

export　ORACLE_OWNER= grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/crs/product

移除acfs

crsctl delete resource ora.registry.acfs -f

更改网卡顺序

RHEL 5 /etc/modprobe.conf

RHEL 6 UDEV:

vi /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

　　检查raw信息：

blockdev --getsize /dev/raw/raw1

blockdev --getsize /dev/raw/raw2

blockdev --getsize /dev/raw/raw3

blockdev --getsize /dev/raw/raw4

再次运行：

/opt/crs/product/root.sh

OLR initialization - successful

Adding Clusterware entries to upstart

CRS-4402: The CSS daemon was started in exclusive mode but found an active CSS daemon on node grid-1, number 1, and is terminating

An active cluster was found during exclusive startup, restarting to join the cluster

clscfg: EXISTING configuration version 5 detected.

clscfg: version 5 is 11g Release 2.

Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.

Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..

Operation successful.

Preparing packages for installation...

ls: cannot access /usr/sbin/smartctl: No such file or directory

/usr/sbin/smartctl not found.

error: %pre(cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.x86_64) scriptlet failed, exit status 1

error: install: %pre scriptlet failed (2), skipping cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1

Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded

检查节点：

olsnodes -s

crsctl check cluster -all

三　以oracle用户添加rdbms:

/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/oui/bin/addNode.sh "CLUSTER_NEW_NODES={mysql-1}"

Saving inventory on nodes (Saturday, May 9, 2015 10:52:56 PM CST)

. 100% Done.

Save inventory complete

WARNING:A new inventory has been created on one or more nodes in this session. However, it has not yet been registered as the central inventory of this system.

To register the new inventory please run the script at '/opt/crs/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh' with root privileges on nodes 'mysql-1'.

If you do not register the inventory, you may not be able to update or patch the products you installed.

The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user in each new cluster node. Each script in the list below is followed by a list of nodes.

/opt/crs/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh #On nodes mysql-1

/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh #On nodes mysql-1

To execute the configuration scripts:

1. Open a terminal window

2. Log in as "root"

3. Run the scripts in each cluster node

The Cluster Node Addition of /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 was successful.

Please check '/tmp/silentInstall.log' for more details.

[oracle@grid-1 bin]$ /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

四　最后dbca添加实例：

alter database add logfile thread 2 ('+data') size 50M;

alter database enable thread 2;

select * from v$thread

新库加实例：dbca -silent -addInstance -nodeList orcl2 -gdbName racdb -instanceName racdb2 -sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword oracle

oracle中的行迁移

snowhill — Wed, 16 Apr 2014 14:05:00 GMT

一　dba_tables中的行迁移信息
chain_cnt

select a.chain_cnt,a.table_name,a.owner,a.num_rows,a.blocks from dba_tables a where a.chain_cnt<>0 ;

这个字段并不准，dbms_stats并不收集这个信息，只能设置成0，通过执行analyze table compute statistics收集这个字段的唯一方法，然而这个会导致这个表中的所有统计信息被覆盖，实际中不推荐使用--参见《troubleshooting oracle performance》第十二章
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlchain.sql
SQL> analyze table XMWXCS.UNI_USERS list chained rows into CHAINED_ROWS;
Table analyzed.
建立行迁移的备份表
create table XMWXCS.UNI_USERS_TMP as select * from XMWXCS.UNI_USERS where rowid in (select head_rowid from chained_rows);
Delete from XMWXCS.UNI_USERS where rowid in (select head_rowid from chained_rows);
Insert into table_name select * from XMWXCS.UNI_USERS_TMP ;
当然也可以alter table move或者exp/imp
二　系统启动所产生的行迁移

SELECT 'Chained or Migrated Rows = '||value
FROM v$sysstat
WHERE name = 'table fetch continued row';

整个所占比重
SELECT (select value from v$sysstat WHERE name = 'table fetch continued row')/(select sum(value)
FROM v$sysstat WHERE name like '%table%' ) from dual

snowhill 2014-04-16 22:05 发表评论

Oracle 11.2.0.3 RAC环境ORA-12012

snowhill — Wed, 02 Apr 2014 01:18:00 GMT

在11.2.0.3中增加了两个oracle_ocm的job
select owner,job_Name,job_style,JOB_ACTION,start_date,repeat_interval, state from Dba_Scheduler_Jobs where owner='ORACLE_OCM'
发现job_action是搞这两个存储过程：
ORACLE_OCM.MGMT_CONFIG.collect_config
ORACLE_OCM.MGMT_CONFIG.collect_stats
查看日志明显发现是执行这两个job报的错，查看对应包体和存储过程代码（这次oracle没加密）：
procedure collect_config IS
CURSOR l_res_cur IS select inst_id,instance_number from gv$instance;
BEGIN
FOR inst_id_row in l_res_cur LOOP
  submit_job_for_inst(inst_id_row.inst_id, inst_id_row.instance_number, JOB_NAME,
                 'BEGIN ORACLE_OCM.MGMT_DB_LL_METRICS.COLLECT_CONFIG_METRICS(''ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR''); END;',
                 'BEGIN ORACLE_OCM.MGMT_DB_LL_METRICS.WRITE_DB_CCR_FILE(''ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR2'', TRUE); END;');
END LOOP;
END collect_config;
再查select * from dba_directories发现没有''ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR2''这个dir，建一个就可以了，或者因为不用配置管理器，直接
exec dbms_scheduler.disable('ORACLE_OCM.MGMT_CONFIG_JOB')
exec dbms_scheduler.disable('ORACLE_OCM.MGMT_STATS_CONFIG_JOB')
得了。
metalink也有相应描述：
ORA-12012: error on auto execute of job ORACLE_OCM.MGMT_CONFIG_JOB_2_1" And "ORA-29280: invalid directory path" In Database AlertLog [ID 1453959.1]

snowhill 2014-04-02 09:18 发表评论

oracle 11.2.0.3.8 rac升级

snowhill — Mon, 31 Mar 2014 17:04:00 GMT

以root
CRS_HOME/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -unlock
su - grid
opatch napply -oh $GRID_HOME -local /home/oracle/tmp/16902043
由于这里用的是本地更新模式，第二个节点也得这么做，当然也可以不用本地模式，建议用。
su - oracle
opatch napply -oh $ORACLE_HOME -local /home/oracle/tmp/16902043
再另一个节点也做同样的事情
做完后检查一下补丁：
Patch description: "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.8 (16902043)"
Created on 24 Sep 2013, 23:20:58 hrs PST8PDT
Sub-patch 16619892; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.7 (16619892)"
Sub-patch 16056266; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.6 (16056266)"
Sub-patch 14727310; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.5 (14727310)"
Sub-patch 14275605; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.4 (14275605)"
Sub-patch 13923374; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.3 (13923374)"
Sub-patch 13696216; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.2 (13696216)"
Sub-patch 13343438; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.1 (13343438)"
再启动crs,启动数据库，每个节点执行
SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
SQL> STARTUP
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catbundle.sql psu apply
SQL> QUIT
刷新dba_registry_history视图

snowhill 2014-04-01 01:04 发表评论

oracle 性能调整的另外一些方法

snowhill — Tue, 25 Mar 2014 08:10:00 GMT

说明:AWR不在此文范围,这里只说一些思路
一对free list的思路
　　从v$session_wait里取p1,p2,关联dba_data_files，以p1=file_id取出DBA地址，再alter system dump file_id,dba取出等待的对象，当然11G里直接取v$session里取row_wait_obj#也可以。
二尽量使用临时表
　　1 select uername from dba_users where username not in (select grantee from dba_role_privs);
      2 drop table temp1
          create table temp1 as select distinct grantee from dba_role_privs;
          select username from dba_users where username not in (select grantee from temp1);
    可以对比下两种写法的效率。

snowhill 2014-03-25 16:10 发表评论

oracle 执行计划之v$sql_plan

snowhill — Fri, 07 Feb 2014 02:52:00 GMT

从v$sql 里取出child_number,sql_id
select t.sharable_mem,t.buffer_gets,t.DISK_READS,t.rows_processed,t.SORTS,t.EXECUTIONS,t.CPU_TIME/1000000,t.ELAPSED_TIME/1000000,
--t.PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES, --11g里才有,10g没有，physical_write_bytes一样。
t.child_number
from v$sql t where sql_id='4pn7guqhvxjbn'
这里需要注意的有：
cpu_time和elapsed_time,在单线程情况下：elapsed_time=cpu_time+wait_time,但在多核情况下：
CPU Time：对于单线程程序来说，CPU TIME指的是该线程在一个逻辑处理器（单核）上所花费的时间总量；对于多线程程序来说，CPU TIME指的是所有线程的CPU TIME之和；应用程序的CPU时间指的是该程序所有线程的CPU TIME之和。
Wait Time：特定线程等待一定事件发生的时间，这些事件可以是同步等待，I/O等待。

Elapsed time:该程序运行的平台时间，即：应用程序结束的时刻-应用程序起始时刻。
buffer_gets:consistent gets 逻辑读
disk_reads:physical reads 物理读
rows_processed: rows processed 结果条数
在v$sql_plan里查看执行计划

SELECT LPAD(' ', 2 * (LEVEL - 1)) || OPERATION || ' ' ||
       DECODE(ID, 0, 'Cost = ' || POSITION) "OPERATION",
       OPTIONS,
       OBJECT_NAME,
       COST,
       CARDINALITY,
       CPU_COST,
       IO_COST,bytes/1024/1024 as "MB"
  FROM V$SQL_PLAN
START WITH ( sql_id='4pn7guqhvxjbn'
            AND ID = 0 and child_number=0)
CONNECT BY PRIOR ID = PARENT_ID
       AND PRIOR ADDRESS = ADDRESS
       AND PRIOR HASH_VALUE = HASH_VALUE
       AND PRIOR CHILD_NUMBER = CHILD_NUMBER

得出实际的执行计划。

snowhill 2014-02-07 10:52 发表评论

对expdp诊断

snowhill — Fri, 24 Jan 2014 09:23:00 GMT

环境:aix 6.1 oracle:10.2.0.5 RAC

Expdp fails ORA-39125 while calling DBMS_METADATA.FETCH_XML_CLOB [COMMENT

打开跟踪

SQL> alter system set events '22923 trace name errorstack level 3';
expdp

生成的文件名在
cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin/bdump/
sid_dm_processid.trc
取消跟踪
SQL> alter system set events '22923 trace name errorstack off';
找出语句：
select sys_xml_gen(value(ku$),xmlformat.createformat2('PAKAGE_BODY_T','7'))) from sys.ku$_exp_pkg_obdy_view ku$ where
ku$.base_obj_num in (select * from table(dbms_metadata.fetch_objnums(200001))
定位到具体的obj_Num 50142

补充说明一下：
base_obj_num oracle定义的object type:
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW SYS.KU$_EXP_PKG_BODY_VIEW OF ku$_exp_pkg_body_t WITH OBJECT OID (obj_num)

snowhill 2014-01-24 17:23 发表评论

oracle 10g asm 文件copy--dbms_file_transfer包

snowhill — Mon, 25 Nov 2013 09:25:00 GMT

oracle 10g的grid asmcmd是不支持copy命令的。
如要拷里面的文件出来，那必段用dbms_file_transfer包了。
DBMS_FILE_TRANSFER.COPY_FILE(
   source_directory_object       IN VARCHAR2,
   source_file_name              IN VARCHAR2,//只支持文件名，不支持目录
   destination_directory_object IN VARCHAR2,
   destination_file_name         IN VARCHAR2
);

create directory asm_spfile as '+CNDATA/educn';

SQL> col directory_path for a80;
SQL> select * from dba_directories;

OWNER          DIRECTORY_NAME        DIRECTORY_PATH
-------- ------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYS          DIR_DP         /home/oracle/back_up
SYS          EXP_DIR         /u01/app/oracle/dir/exp_dir
SYS          ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR       /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/ccr/state
SYS          ASM_SPFILE        +CNDATA/educn
SYS          DATA_PUMP_DIR        /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/log/

exec dbms_file_transfer.copy_file('ASM_SPFILE', 'spfileeducn.ora', 'DIR_DP', 'spfileeducn.ora')
归档拷贝
SQL> create directory arc_log as '+ARCHIVE/educn/archivelog/2013_11_16';
sql>exec dbms_file_transfer.copy_file('arc_log', 'thread_1_seq_67.354.831642407', 'DIR_DP', '20131116.arc')
SQL> host ls -lh /home/oracle/back_up
详细参见

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/appdev.102/b14258/d_ftran.htm

snowhill 2013-11-25 17:25 发表评论

oracle 数据处理方法

snowhill — Fri, 18 Oct 2013 05:45:00 GMT

我的测试方法
测试环境t4400+2G+5400转/秒硬务。表大小248MB，1997760条数据。

建立一个基表：
create table a_object as
select object_name,object_type,created,rownum+49944 id from dba_objects
alter table a_object add primary key (id);
建立一个影响表：
create table b_object as select * from a_Object
1　查询速度比较
a_object
SQL> select count(*) from a_object;

COUNT(*)
----------
    499440
Executed in 0.219 seconds
SQL> select count(*) from b_object;

COUNT(*)
----------
    499440
Executed in 0.766 seconds
这个容易看出，a_object有主键，快，没啥好解释的
SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;
SQL> alter system flush shared_pool;
SQL> select count(*) from b_Object a;
COUNT(*)
----------
   1997760
Executed in 4.344 seconds

SQL> select /*+parallel(a,2)*/ count(*) from b_object a;
COUNT(*)
----------
   1997760
Executed in 2 seconds
加parallel还是有点用，如果cpu更多，可能会更快。
2 插入
a_Object:insert into a_object
select object_name,object_type,created,rownum+998880 id from b_object
59秒
b_object:insert into b_object
select object_name,object_type,created,rownum+998880 id from b_object
25秒
有索引肯定慢些，这个没什么好解释的
insert /*+append*/ into a_object
select object_name,object_type,created,rownum+1997760 id from b_object
107.531秒
insert /*+parallel(a,2)*/ into a_object a
select object_name,object_type,created,rownum+1997760 id from b_object
175.172秒，还慢些
insert into a_object a
select object_name,object_type,created,rownum+1997760 id from b_object
197.125秒，最慢
insert /*+append parallel(a,2)*/into a_object a
select object_name,object_type,created,rownum+1997760 id from b_object
193.703秒,看样子parallel对表的insert 用处不大，用处最大的是append
alter table a_object nologging　让表不记日志，再
insert /*+append*/ into b_object
select object_name,object_type,created,rownum+1997760 id from b_object
57.688秒最快
bulk collect insert into
declare type t_object is table of b_object.object_name%type index by binary_integer;
        type t_type is table of b_object.object_type%type index by binary_integer;
        type t_created is table of b_object.created%type index by binary_integer;
        type t_Id is table of b_object.id%type index by binary_integer;
        objects t_object ;
        types t_type ;
        createds t_created ;
        ids t_id ;
        cursor cur is select * from b_object;
        begin
          open cur;
          loop
            fetch cur bulk collect into objects,types,createds,ids limit 5000;
            for i in 1..ids.count loop
              insert into a_object values (objects(i),types(i),createds(i),ids(i)+1997760);
              end loop;
             exit when cur%notfound;
           end loop;
           close cur;
         end;
468.888秒。这个肯定最慢。
改写
declare
        type object_type is record
        (
        object_name b_object.object_name%type,
        object_type b_object.object_type%type,
        created     b_object.created%type,
        id          b_object.id%type
        );
        type t_object_type is table of object_type;
        objects t_object_type ;
        v_counter   PLS_INTEGER := 0;
        cursor cur is select object_name,object_type,created,id+1997760 id from b_object;
        begin
          open cur;
          loop
            fetch cur bulk collect into objects limit 10000;
            for i in 1..objects.last loop
             insert into a_object values objects(i);
             end loop;
              v_counter:=v_counter+1;
             exit when cur%notfound;
           end loop;
           dbms_output.put_line('counter is :'||v_counter);
           close cur;
end;
363秒。还是很慢，用forall改写，
declare
        type object_type is record
        (
        object_name b_object.object_name%type,
        object_type b_object.object_type%type,
        created     b_object.created%type,
        id          b_object.id%type
        );
        type t_object_type is table of object_type;
        objects t_object_type ;
        v_counter   PLS_INTEGER := 0;
        cursor cur is select object_name,object_type,created,id+1997760 id from b_object;
        begin
          open cur;
          loop
            fetch cur bulk collect into objects limit 10000;
            forall i in 1..objects.last
             insert into a_object values objects(i);
              v_counter:=v_counter+1;
             exit when cur%notfound;
           end loop;
           dbms_output.put_line('counter is :'||v_counter);
           close cur;
end;
快了不少，131秒。这个速度比较理想。
declare
        type object_type is record
        (
        object_name b_object.object_name%type,
        object_type b_object.object_type%type,
        created     b_object.created%type,
        id          b_object.id%type
        );
        type t_object_type is table of object_type;
        objects t_object_type ;
        v_counter   PLS_INTEGER := 0;
        cursor cur is select object_name,object_type,created,id+1997760 id from b_object;
        begin
          open cur;
          loop
            fetch cur bulk collect into objects limit 10000;
            exit when objects.count=0;
             v_counter:=v_counter+1;
            forall i in 1..objects.last
             insert into a_object values objects(i);
           end loop;
           dbms_output.put_line('counter is :'||v_counter);
           close cur;
end;
这个有点离谱，居然变成84.6秒，应当是刚才没刷shared_pool和buffer_cache所致。
alter system flush shared_pool;
alter system flush buffer_cache;
注意，以上两条仅限测试环境。
刷新后：158.875秒
。。。。继续更改：
declare
        type object_type is record
        (
        object_name b_object.object_name%type,
        object_type b_object.object_type%type,
        created     b_object.created%type,
        id          b_object.id%type
        );
        type t_object_type is table of object_type;
        objects t_object_type ;
        v_counter   PLS_INTEGER := 0;
        cursor cur is select object_name,object_type,created,id+1997760 id from b_object;
        begin
          open cur;
          loop
            fetch cur bulk collect into objects limit 10000;
            exit when objects.count=0;
             v_counter:=v_counter+1;
            forall i in 1..objects.last
             insert /* +append */ into a_object values objects(i);
           end loop;
           dbms_output.put_line('counter is :'||v_counter);
           close cur;
end;
加append;134.672秒。当然这个仅仅是测试，显得有点冗余，但当有条件时，写比较复杂的的转换，又不是对单表操作时尽量用bulk collect forall吧。
以下开始测删除，从傻瓜式删除开始：
delete from a_Object where id>1997760
--377.14秒
alter table a_object drop constraints SYS_C005373
删除索引后再试，结果惨不忍睹。
建分区表：
create table SCOTT.P_OBJECT
(
object_name VARCHAR2(128),
object_type VARCHAR2(19),
created     DATE,
id          NUMBER
)
partition by range (id) (
partition p1 values less than (1997760),
partition p2 values less than (3995520)
);
alter table p_object nologging;
insert /*+append*/ into p_object select * from a_object;
alter table p_object truncate partition p2;
由于索引失效还需重建索引
alter index SYS_C005787 rebuild nologging;
insert into 花时248秒，truncate 分区1秒，重建索引15秒。
上一步也可以用再线重定义分区表做。。
顺便提一下这里的统计信息
begin
dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('SCOTT','P_OBJECT', cascade => true);
end;
用这个收集后不准了。
select num_rows,t.EMPTY_BLOCKS,t.BLOCKS*8/1024,t.LAST_ANALYZED,t.logging from all_tables t where table_name='P_OBJECT' and owner='SCOTT'
select table_name,partition_position,num_rows,blocks*8/1024,sample_size,last_analyzed,high_value from all_tab_partitions where table_owner='SCOTT'
select i.INDEX_NAME,i.table_name,i.num_rows,i.blevel,i.logging,i.DISTINCT_KEYS,i.LAST_ANALYZED from all_indexes i where table_name='P_OBJECT'

snowhill 2013-10-18 13:45 发表评论

oracle 本地用户登陆验证失败ORA-01031 insufficient privileges

snowhill — Mon, 14 Oct 2013 08:25:00 GMT

环境：linux x86 64 10.2.0.1
报错: sqlplus / as sysdba ORA-01031 insufficient privileges而sqlplus sys/password as sysdba可以登陆
检查：　
一　重命名orapwd文件，sqlplus sys/password登陆也失败，证明登陆时口令文件在生效，sqlplus / as sysdba表示操作系统验证失败
二检查用户和组 cat /etc/passwd cat /etc/shadow /etc/group /etc/gshadow，调system-config-user报错，用组不匹配，发现/etc/gshadow有oracle组，而/etc/group没有，删oracle组
三建另外一个测试账号，情况依旧
四　怀疑安装oracle软件过程中oracle软件管理用户未指定
检查当前所连接的操作系统用户是否是"osdba" 并且已经定义在：
"$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/config.s"
or
"$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/config.c".
发现为dba，建立dba组,修改用户属性usermod oracle -g onistall -G dba
当然也可以更改　config.c文件，再relink all

snowhill 2013-10-14 16:25 发表评论

物理standby ora-01110 ora-01157

snowhill — Mon, 16 Sep 2013 03:48:00 GMT

环境：oracle 10.2.0.5 x64 linux
参数文件standby_file_management设的auto
在主库加数据文件，备库报错
ora-01110 datafile 5
ora-01157 cannot identify/lock dataf file 5
检查两边数据文件，发现文件名不一致
select file#,name from v$datafile;
备库：
alter system set standby_file_management=manual;
alter database create datafile '/opt/oracle/11.2.0/dbs//UNNAMED00108' as 'your correct filename ';

alter system set standby_file_management=auto;

alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

snowhill 2013-09-16 11:48 发表评论

oracle xmltype

snowhill — Mon, 02 Sep 2013 09:59:00 GMT

oracle 9i 以后是对xml做了支持的，先建立xmltype类型的字段
--创建xmltype 类型的表
create table xmlcontent (keyvalue varchar2(10) primary key,
xmlvalue xmltype);

--建立目录，如果不读文件可以不用
grant create any directory to snowhill;

select * from dba_directories    ;
create directory xmldir as 'd:\oracle\xml';
--使用xmltype的静态方法createxml插入xml数据
INSERT INTO xmlcontent VALUES (2, XMLType.CreateXML(
       '

           Munising Falls
           Alger
           MI

              [url]http://michiganwaterfalls.com/munising_falls/munising_falls.html[/url]

        '));


INSERT INTO xmlcontent VALUES (1, XMLType.CreateXML(
       '

           snowhill.c
           china
           hubei

              http://www.blog.com/snowhill

        '));
--检查节点是否存在
        select keyvalue From xmlcontent where existsNode(xmlvalue,'/DATA/url')>0
--提取节点内容
select extractValue(xmlvalue, '/DATA/name') from xmlcontent

snowhill 2013-09-02 17:59 发表评论

oracle之执行计划

snowhill — Fri, 30 Aug 2013 12:10:00 GMT

oracle都知道有三种连接方式，但cbo纠竟选择哪个，这个我们一般不会关注，三种之间的性能也没个定论，
但一般hash join现在是最受欢迎的连接方式，这里强制按不同的执行计划执行：

SQL> select /*+use_nl(a,b)*/ *from test_2 a,test_3 b where a.object_name=b.table_name;

已选择1736行。

执行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 3977035679

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name   | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |        |  2582 |  1462K|   239K  (3)| 00:47:59 |
|   1 |  NESTED LOOPS      |        |  2582 |  1462K|   239K  (3)| 00:47:59 |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_3 |  1529 |   727K|    13   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_2 |     2 |   186 |   157   (3)| 00:00:02 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   3 - filter("A"."OBJECT_NAME"="B"."TABLE_NAME")

Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement

统计信息
----------------------------------------------------------
       1798  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
    1044861  consistent gets
          0  physical reads
          0  redo size
     155172  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
       1650  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
        117  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          9  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
       1736  rows processed

hash join

SQL> select * from test_2 a,test_3 b where a.object_name=b.table_name;

已选择1736行。

执行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1527207201

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation          | Name   | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |        | 2582 | 1462K|   173   (4)| 00:00:03 |
|* 1 | HASH JOIN         |        | 2582 | 1462K|   173   (4)| 00:00:03 |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_3 | 1529 |   727K|    13   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_2 | 49334 | 4480K|   158   (3)| 00:00:02 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

1 - access("A"."OBJECT_NAME"="B"."TABLE_NAME")

Note
-----
- dynamic sampling used for this statement

统计信息
----------------------------------------------------------
       1798 recursive calls
          0 db block gets
       1125 consistent gets
          0 physical reads
          0 redo size
     165001 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
       1650 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
        117 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          9 sorts (memory)
          0 sorts (disk)
       1736 rows processed
归并

SQL> select /*+use_merge(a,b)*/ *from test_2 a,test_3 b where a.object_name=b.table_name;

已选择1736行。

执行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 3054602342

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation           | Name   | Rows | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT    |        | 2582 | 1462K|       | 1399   (2)| 00:00:17 |
|   1 | MERGE JOIN         |        | 2582 | 1462K|       | 1399   (2)| 00:00:17 |
|   2 |   SORT JOIN         |        | 1529 |   727K| 1896K|   176   (2)| 00:00:03 |
|   3 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_3 | 1529 |   727K|       |    13   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 4 |   SORT JOIN         |        | 49334 | 4480K|    11M| 1223   (2)| 00:00:15 |
|   5 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_2 | 49334 | 4480K|       |   158   (3)| 00:00:02 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

4 - access("A"."OBJECT_NAME"="B"."TABLE_NAME")
filter("A"."OBJECT_NAME"="B"."TABLE_NAME")

Note
-----
- dynamic sampling used for this statement

统计信息
----------------------------------------------------------
       1798 recursive calls
          0 db block gets
       1010 consistent gets
          0 physical reads
          0 redo size
     179175 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
       1650 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
        117 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
         11 sorts (memory)
          0 sorts (disk)
       1736 rows processed

snowhill 2013-08-30 20:10 发表评论

ora-04030 create index 报错

snowhill — Tue, 20 Aug 2013 05:43:00 GMT

环璄：aix 6.1 oracle 10.2.0.5
一次create index index_name on table_neme(column_name) tablespace idx_name nologging 直接报ora-04030,sort area size 不够用
show parameter pga;　16G
查询session pga memory
select sum(value)/1024/1024/1024 ,s.inst_id from gv$sesstat s,gv$statname n where n.statistic#=s.statistic# and name='session pga memory' and s.inst_id=n.inst_id group by cube(s.inst_id)
7.446
pga有富余，按道理不应该,这里需要提一下的是
select x.ksppinm name,y.ksppstvl value,y.ksppstdf isdefault from sys.x$ksppi x,sys.x$ksppcv y
where x.indx=y.indx
and x.ksppinm like '%pga_max%';
_pga_max_size为200MB,但在10.2.0.5里设为2GB了。
加并行
create index index_name on table_neme(column_name) tablespace idx_name　parallel 4 nologging;
可以建成功
在主机上直接执行不加并行，也可以成功。
怀疑为客户端的问题，断开连接再连，建索引，无任何报错。
查此时连接的节点为select sys_context('USERENV','INSTANCE') from dual 为2号节点，当时为1号节点，问题可能出在这。
但底层原因未查出，以后再碰到权当笔记了。

snowhill 2013-08-20 13:43 发表评论

ORA-600[4194]

snowhill — Mon, 19 Aug 2013 09:13:00 GMT

非法断电后，数据启动报错
一　跳过文件一致性检查

SQL> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=false scope=spfile;

二　此时打开数据库报job在跑，undo报错，停止job
SQL> alter system set job_queue_processes =0 scope=both;

三　此时打开数据库报　ORA-600[4194]　跳过undo tablespace
SQL> alter system set undo_tablespace=system scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL>alter system set undo_management=manual scope=spfile;
再启动数据库，如果运气好，可以起起来，再恢得更改的参数就可以了。

SQL>create undo tablespace undotbs2 datafile '/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs2.dbf' size 200M;

SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2' SCOPE=SPFILE;
SQL> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=false scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set undo_management=auto scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set job_queue_processes =10 scope=both;
如果不好可能需要
如果出现极端的情况可能需要做如下处理:
1.使用_offline_rollback_segments和_corrupted_rollback_segments屏蔽掉有问题的undo segment
2.继续可能出现ora-600[2662]，需要推进scn

snowhill 2013-08-19 17:13 发表评论

php 连接oracle

snowhill — Wed, 14 Aug 2013 05:24:00 GMT

php

$tns = "(DESCRIPTION=(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=cqrac))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.98.100)(PORT=1521)))";
function select_data($conn,$sql)
{
  $stmt = oci_parse($conn,$sql);
  oci_execute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);
  echo $conn."----selecting\n\n";
  while (oci_fetch($stmt)) {
    echo $conn . " [" . oci_result($stmt, "TABLE_NAME") . "]\n\n";
  }
  echo $conn . "----done\n\n";
}

try {
    $dbconn = oci_connect("username", "password",$tns,'utf8');
    $sql= "select table_name from user_tables";
    var_dump(oci_error());
    select_data($dbconn,$sql);
}
catch (Exception $e) {
    echo $e->getMessage();
}

?>

更详细的参考见：
http://php.net/manual/zh/function.oci-connect.php
如果要在页面输出，取出函数返回结果集

function select_data($conn,$sql)
{
$stmt = oci_parse($conn,$sql);
oci_execute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);
echo $conn."----selecting\n\n";
return $stmt;
}

后台打印出来即可：

    $result=select_data($dbconn,$sql);
    oci_fetch_all($result,$array);
    echo "

";
    var_dump($array);
    echo "
";
    echo "

snowhill 2013-08-14 13:24 发表评论

oracle 10 dataguard rman duplicate

snowhill — Tue, 30 Jul 2013 03:51:00 GMT

说明：oracle 11g dataguard 可以直接用rman duplicate全盘复制，10g的rman duplicate 就just so so 了。
这里把步骤理一下：
主库生成口令文件，改下归档路径，生成pfile：

SQL> alter system set log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=standby lgwr valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=standby';
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/data/arch1' scope=spfile;
SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/whty.ora' from spfile;
orapwd file=orapwwhty ignorecase=y password=oracle

备份数据库和控制文件

RMAN> backup database format '/home/oracle/%u';
SQL>alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/oracle/control.ctl';

增加standby redo log

ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl1.f' SIZE 52428800;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl2.f' SIZE 52428800;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl3.f' SIZE 52428800;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl4.f' SIZE 52428800;

启动duplicate
rman target / auxiliary sys/"oracle"@standby
duplicate target database for standby nofilename check;
备库：

修改pfile,如果打开好审计，注意关闭audit
*.audit_file_dest='/opt/admin/standby/adump'
*.audit_trail=NONE
*.background_dump_dest='/opt/admin/standby/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.5.0'
*.control_files='/data/standby/control01.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/opt/admin/standby/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='whty'
*.db_unique_name='standby'
*.fal_client='standby'
*.fal_server='whty'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/data/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4294967296
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=whtyXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/data/arch1'
*.log_archive_dest_2='location=/data/arch2 valid_for=(standby_logfiles,standby_role) db_unique_name=standby'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=67108864
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=203423744
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/opt/admin/standby/udump'

SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 205520896 bytes
Fixed Size                  2095088 bytes
Variable Size              75499536 bytes
Database Buffers          121634816 bytes
Redo Buffers                6291456 bytes
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
还原数据库
启动应用进程
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl1.f' SIZE 52428800;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl2.f' SIZE 52428800;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl3.f' SIZE 52428800;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl4.f' SIZE 52428800;
检查应用情况
SQL> select process,status,sequence#,blocks,block# from v$managed_standby;
SQL>alter database recover managed standby database cancel
SQL>alter database open;
SQL> recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

snowhill 2013-07-30 11:51 发表评论

oracle rac 打11.2.0.3.6补丁

snowhill — Mon, 22 Jul 2013 09:47:00 GMT

一准备工作
    要从11.2.0.3升级到11.2.0.3.0.6必须先升级opatch再升级集grid组件和数据库组件
   准备包：p16056266_112030_Linux-x86-64.zip
              p6880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip （opatch)
   两个节点都先把opatch更新，grid 和oracle下都要更新
   检查是否可以滚动升级,一般看说明文档。

[grid@cqrac2 16056266]$ opatch query -is_rolling_patch
但如果这个补丁有多个目录，则会返回错误
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.4
Copyright (c) 2012, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home       : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
   from           : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.4
OUI version       : 11.2.0.3.0
Log file location : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2013-07-22_15-15-08PM_1.log

Failed to load the patch object. Possible causes are:
The specified path is not an interim Patch shiphome
Meta-data files are missing from the patch area
Patch location = /opt/11.2.0.3/16056266
Details = Input metadata files are missing.

Patch Location "/opt/11.2.0.3/16056266" doesn't point to a valid patch area.

二停止dbconsole,升级步骤也很无聊，停一个节点，执行opatch，当提示要停一个节点时，启这个节点，再停第二个节点。
[oracle@rac1~] emctl stop dbconsole
su - root
解除锁定
[oracle@rac1~] srvctl stop instance -d cqrac -n cqrac1
$CRS_HOME/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -unlock
[root@cqrac1 16056266]# crsctl stop crs
su - grid
opatch napply -oh $GRID_HOME -local /home/oracle/tmp/16902043
由于这里用的是本地更新模式，第二个节点也得这么做，当然也可以不用本地模式，建议用。
su - oracle
[root@cqrac1 16056266]# opatch apply

Patching in rolling mode.

The node 'cqrac2' will be patched next.

Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on 'cqrac2'.
(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1')

Is the node ready for patching? [y|n]

当出现这一步时，需要停掉第二个节点：

[grid@cqrac2 16056266]$ srvctl stop instance -d cqrac -n cqrac2

当升级完成，出现：

The node 'cqrac2' has been patched. You can restart Oracle instances on it.

Composite patch 16056266 successfully applied.
OPatch Session completed with warnings.
Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2013-07-22_16-15-08PM_1.log

[grid@cqrac2 16056266]$ srvctl start instance -d cqrac -n cqrac2
[grid@cqrac2 16056266]$ srvctl status database -d cqrac
Instance cqrac1 is running on node cqrac1
Instance cqrac2 is running on node cqrac2
在一个节点上
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/

SQL> @catbundle.sql psu apply
SQL> QUIT

最后可以检查下：

select* from dba_registry_history;

或者lsinventory，这里注意一下就是在第二个节点用此种方法看不到信息。

[oracle@cqrac1 admin]$ opatch lsinventory
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.4
Copyright (c) 2012, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.


Oracle Home       : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
   from           : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.4
OUI version       : 11.2.0.3.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2013-07-22_16-46-45PM_1.log

Lsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2013-07-22_16-46-45PM.txt

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Installed Top-level Products (1): 

Oracle Database 11g                                                  11.2.0.3.0
There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.


Interim patches (1) :

Patch  16056266     : applied on Mon Jul 22 16:20:57 CST 2013
Unique Patch ID:  15962803
Patch description:  "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.6 (16056266)"
   Created on 12 Mar 2013, 02:14:47 hrs PST8PDT
Sub-patch  14727310; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.5 (14727310)"
Sub-patch  14275605; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.4 (14275605)"
Sub-patch  13923374; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.3 (13923374)"
Sub-patch  13696216; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.2 (13696216)"
Sub-patch  13343438; "Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.1 (13343438)"
   Bugs fixed:
     13566938, 13593999, 10350832, 14138130, 12919564, 13561951, 13624984
     13588248, 13080778, 13914613, 13804294, 14258925, 12873183, 13645875
     14472647, 12880299, 14664355, 14409183, 12998795, 14469008, 13719081
     13492735, 13496884, 12857027, 14263036, 14263073, 13732226, 13742433
     16368108, 16314469, 12905058, 13742434, 12849688, 12950644, 13742435
     13464002, 13534412, 12879027, 13958038, 14613900, 12585543, 12535346
     12588744, 11877623, 13786142, 12847466, 13649031, 13981051, 12582664
     12797765, 14262913, 12923168, 13384182, 13612575, 13466801, 13484963
     14207163, 11063191, 13772618, 13070939, 12797420, 13041324, 16314467
     16314468, 12976376, 11708510, 13680405, 14589750, 13026410, 13742437
     13737746, 14644185, 13742438, 13326736, 13596521, 13001379, 16344871
     13099577, 9873405, 14275605, 13742436, 9858539, 14841812, 11715084
     16231699, 14040433, 12662040, 9703627, 12617123, 12845115, 12764337
     13354082, 14459552, 13397104, 13913630, 12964067, 12983611, 13550185
     13810393, 12780983, 12583611, 14546575, 13476583, 15862016, 11840910
     13903046, 15862017, 13572659, 16294378, 13718279, 14088346, 13657605
     13448206, 16314466, 14480676, 13419660, 13632717, 14063281, 14110275
     13430938, 13467683, 13420224, 13812031, 14548763, 16299830, 12646784
     13616375, 14035825, 12861463, 12834027, 15862021, 13632809, 13377816
     13036331, 14727310, 13685544, 15862018, 13499128, 16175381, 13584130
     12829021, 15862019, 12794305, 14546673, 12791981, 13787482, 13503598
     10133521, 12718090, 13399435, 14023636, 13860201, 12401111, 13257247
     13362079, 14176879, 12917230, 13923374, 14220725, 14480675, 13524899
     13559697, 9706792, 14480674, 13916709, 13098318, 13773133, 14076523
     13340388, 13366202, 13528551, 12894807, 13454210, 13343438, 12748240
     14205448, 13385346, 15853081, 14273397, 12971775, 13582702, 10242202
     13035804, 13544396, 16382353, 8547978, 14226599, 14062795, 13035360
     12693626, 13332439, 14038787, 14062796, 12913474, 14841409, 14390252
     16314470, 13370330, 13059165, 14062797, 14062794, 12959852, 13358781
     12345082, 12960925, 9659614, 13699124, 14546638, 13936424, 13338048
     12938841, 12658411, 12620823, 12656535, 14062793, 12678920, 13038684
     14062792, 13807411, 13250244, 12594032, 15862022, 9761357, 12612118
     13742464, 14052474, 13911821, 13457582, 13527323, 15862020, 13910420
     13502183, 12780098, 13705338, 13696216, 14841558, 10263668, 15862023
     16056266, 15862024, 13554409, 13645917, 13103913, 13011409, 14063280



Rac system comprising of multiple nodes
  Local node = cqrac1
  Remote node = cqrac2

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPatch succeeded.

snowhill 2013-07-22 17:47 发表评论

oracle x$ktuxe

snowhill — Thu, 18 Jul 2013 03:55:00 GMT

一说明：

SQL>  select *from v$type_size where component='KTU';

COMPONEN TYPE     DESCRIPTION                       TYPE_SIZE
-------- -------- -------------------------------- ----------
KTU      KTUBH    UNDO HEADER                              16
KTU      KTUXE    UNDO TRANSACTION ENTRY                   40
KTU      KTUXC    UNDO TRANSACTION CONTROL                104
ktuxe :kernerl transaction  undo transaction entry

SQL> select ADDR,KTUXEUSN,KTUXESLT,KTUXESQN,KTUXESIZ from x$ktuxe where ktuxesta
!='INACTIVE';

ADDR       KTUXEUSN   KTUXESLT   KTUXESQN   KTUXESIZ
-------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
07A7C590          9         30        339          1

SQL> select addr,xidusn,xidslot,xidsqn from v$transaction;

ADDR         XIDUSN     XIDSQN
-------- ---------- ----------
1E60D0AC          9        339
SQL> select sid,username,row_wait_obj# from v$session where taddr='1E60D0AC';

       SID USERNAME                       ROW_WAIT_OBJ#
---------- ------------------------------ -------------
       159 SCOTT                                     14

SQL> select * from v$rollname where usn=9;

       USN NAME
---------- ------------------------------
         9 _SYSSMU9$

取出dump块：
SQL>alter system dump undo header "_SYSSMU9$"

SQL> alter system dump undo block "_SYSSMU9$" xid 9 30 339;

SQL> select object_name from dba_objects where object_Id=51438;

OBJECT_NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TMP_1
查看dump trc文件：

*-----------------------------

* Rec #0x3a slt: 0x1e objn: 51438(0x0000c8ee) objd: 51438 tblspc: 4(0x00000004)

* Layer: 11 (Row) opc: 1 rci 0x39

Undo type: Regular undo Last buffer split: No

Temp Object: No

Tablespace Undo: No

rdba: 0x00000000

*-----------------------------

KDO undo record:

KTB Redo

op: 0x02 ver: 0x01

op: C uba: 0x008000aa.00b6.39

KDO Op code: LKR row dependencies Disabled

xtype: XA flags: 0x00000000 bdba: 0x0100003c hdba: 0x0100003b

itli: 2 ispac: 0 maxfr: 4858

tabn: 0 slot: 17 to: 0

snowhill 2013-07-18 11:55 发表评论

建库报错 ora-29516 oracle 11g rac

snowhill — Sat, 13 Jul 2013 03:48:00 GMT

一　建库报错
　　ORA-29516: Aurora assertion failure: Assertion failure at joez.c:3377
二　错误与这个相关信息：
　　JAVA_JIT_ENABLED=TRUE
    还有一个是
  　 /dev/shm
　　由于是建库报错，与java_jit_enable无关。查看/dev/shm
　　没有，尼玛。。。。。。。
三　手动加载
　　vim /etc/fatab
      tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
     不重起修改tmpfs大小 mount -o remount,size=38g /dev/shm

snowhill 2013-07-13 11:48 发表评论

oracle IO测试

snowhill — Mon, 08 Jul 2013 01:17:00 GMT

一　dd linux自带工具
dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/test.dat bs=8K counts=4000000
二 oracle 11g自带io包
其完整说明：
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/appdev.111/b28419/d_resmgr.htm
declare
      v_max_iops BINARY_INTEGER;
      v_max_mbps BINARY_INTEGER;
      v_act_lat BINARY_INTEGER;
   begin
      dbms_resource_manager.CALIBRATE_IO(3,20,v_max_iops,v_max_mbps,v_act_lat);
      dbms_output.put_line('max iops : ' || v_max_iops );
      dbms_output.put_line('max mbps : ' || v_max_mbps );
      dbms_output.put_line('actual latency : ' || v_act_lat );
end;

`num_physical_disks`	Approximate number of physical disks in the database storage
`max_latency`	Maximum tolerable latency in milliseconds for database-block-sized IO requests
`max_iops`	Maximum number of I/O requests per second that can be sustained. The I/O requests are randomly-distributed, database-block-sized reads.
`max_mbps`	Maximum throughput of I/O that can be sustained, expressed in megabytes per second. The I/O requests are randomly-distributed, 1 megabyte reads.
`actual_latency`	Average latency of database-block-sized I/O requests at `max_iops` rate, expressed in milliseconds

snowhill 2013-07-08 09:17 发表评论

oracle 11g 新特性UTL_TCP、UTL_HTTP 和 UTL_SMTP程序包发邮件，

snowhill — Mon, 17 Jun 2013 08:09:00 GMT

首先，创建一个 ACL：

begin
dbms_network_acl_admin.create_acl (
acl             => 'utlpkg.xml', ---创建的访问控制列表名字
description     => 'Normal Access',
principal       => 'CONNECT',
is_grant        => TRUE,
privilege       => 'connect',
start_date      => null,
end_date        => null
);
end;

查看ＡＣＬ是否已增加

SELECT * FROM resource_view WHERE any_path like '/sys/acls/%.xml';

分配主机信息：

begin
dbms_network_acl_admin.assign_acl (
acl => 'utlpkg.xml',
host => 'mail.whty.com.cn', --可访问服务器的地址
lower_port => 25, ---最低端口
upper_port => 25); --最高端口
end;

建立存储过程

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE send_mail(
p_recipient VARCHAR2, -- 邮件接收人
p_subject VARCHAR2, -- 邮件标题
p_message VARCHAR2-- 邮件正文
)
IS
--下面四个变量请根据实际邮件服务器进行赋值
v_mailhost VARCHAR2(30) := 'mail.whty.com.cn'; --SMTP服务器地址
v_user VARCHAR2(30) := 'chengxf'; --登录SMTP服务器的用户名
v_pass VARCHAR2(20) := 'TYtx0617'; --登录SMTP服务器的密码
v_sender VARCHAR2(50) := 'chengxf@whty.com.cn'; --发送者邮箱，一般与 ps_user 对应
v_conn UTL_SMTP.connection; --到邮件服务器的连接
v_msg varchar2(4000); --邮件内容
BEGIN
v_conn := UTL_SMTP.open_connection(v_mailhost, 25);
UTL_SMTP.ehlo(v_conn, v_mailhost); --是用 ehlo() 而不是 helo() 函数
--否则会报：ORA-29279: SMTP 永久性错误: 503 5.5.2 Send hello first.
UTL_SMTP.command(v_conn, 'AUTH LOGIN'); -- smtp服务器登录校验
UTL_SMTP.command(v_conn,UTL_RAW.cast_to_varchar2(UTL_ENCODE.base64_encode(UTL_RAW.cast_to_raw(v_user))));
UTL_SMTP.command(v_conn,UTL_RAW.cast_to_varchar2(UTL_ENCODE.base64_encode(UTL_RAW.cast_to_raw(v_pass))));
UTL_SMTP.mail(v_conn, '<'||v_sender||'>'); --设置发件人
UTL_SMTP.rcpt(v_conn, '<'||p_recipient||'>'); --设置收件人
-- 创建要发送的邮件内容注意报头信息和邮件正文之间要空一行
v_msg :='Date:'|| TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'yyyy mm dd hh24:mi:ss')
|| UTL_TCP.CRLF || 'From: '|| v_sender || ''
|| UTL_TCP.CRLF || 'To: ' || p_recipient || ''
|| UTL_TCP.CRLF || 'Subject: ' || p_subject
|| UTL_TCP.CRLF || UTL_TCP.CRLF -- 这前面是报头信息
|| p_message; -- 这个是邮件正文
UTL_SMTP.open_data(v_conn); --打开流
UTL_SMTP.write_raw_data(v_conn, UTL_RAW.cast_to_raw(v_msg)); --这样写标题和内容都能用中文
UTL_SMTP.close_data(v_conn); --关闭流
UTL_SMTP.quit(v_conn); --关闭连接
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(DBMS_UTILITY.format_error_stack);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(DBMS_UTILITY.format_call_stack);
END send_mail;

调用：

begin
send_mail('chengxf@whty.com.cn','TESt','oh,my gold');
end;

snowhill 2013-06-17 16:09 发表评论

千W级别的插入操作(转)

snowhill — Sat, 15 Jun 2013 09:03:00 GMT

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE "LARGEDATA_INSERT" (ip_table_name   in varchar2, --目标表
                                          ip_table_column in varchar2, --目标字段
                                          ip_table_select in varchar2, --SELECT 查询语句
                                          return_result   out number --返回的结果1,表示成功，０表示失败
                                          ) as
--适合大数据量的插入模板 create Templates by chenzhoumin 20110614
runTime number;--运行总次数
i       number;--当前行数
amount number;--总行数
s_sql   varchar2(10000);--SQL语句
e_sql   varchar2(10000);--执行SQL语句
countNumber number;--一次插入的数据量
begin
--set serveroutput on size 20000000000000
countNumber := 10000;
return_result := 0; --开始初始化为0
--核必逻辑内容，可根据具体的业务逻辑来定义,统计数据总行数
s_sql := 'select count(1) from (' || ip_table_select || ')';
execute immediate s_sql
    into amount;
--每100万提交一次
runTime := amount mod countNumber;
if (runTime > 0) then
    runTime := 1 + trunc(amount / countNumber);
end if;
if (runTime = 0) then
    runTime := 0 + trunc(amount / countNumber);
end if;
FOR i IN 1 .. runTime LOOP
    e_sql := 'insert into '||ip_table_name ||'
    ('||ip_table_column ||')
     select '|| ip_table_column ||'
     from
     (select selectSec.*, rownum rownumType
          from ('|| ip_table_select ||') selectSec
         WHERE ROWNUM <= '|| i * countNumber ||')
    WHERE rownumType > '||(i - 1) * countNumber;
    dbms_output.enable(99999999999999);
    dbms_output.put_line(e_sql);
    execute immediate e_sql;
    --提交
    commit;
END LOOP;
return_result := 1;
return;
exception
when others then
    return_result := 0;
    raise;
    dbms_output.enable(99999999999999);
    dbms_output.put_line('结束');
    return;
end;

snowhill 2013-06-15 17:03 发表评论

oracle 11g 新特性之sql repair advisor

snowhill — Fri, 07 Jun 2013 08:53:00 GMT

先看看 sql repair advisor的用途，主要是用来改变sql的执行计划的：
sqlplan will change after patching. SQL Repair Advisor is not automatically launched after a SQL statement crash
* Export patches * DBMS_SQLDIAG.pack_stgtab_sqlpatch(staging_table), export, unpack_stgtab_sqlpatch(staging_table)
* Packages *
    DBMS_SQLDIAG.create_diagnosis_task(sql_text, task_name)
    DBMS_SQLDIAG.set_tuning_task_parameter(task_id, filter)
    DBMS_SQLDIAG.execute_diagnosis_task(task_name)
    DBMS_SQLDIAG.report_diagnosis_task(task_name, out_type)
    DBMS_SQLDIAG.accept_sql_patch(task_name, task_owner)
* Views *
    DBA_SQL_PATCHES(recommended patches), drop_sql_patch(procedure)
举个例子先：
DELETE FROM scott.emp WHERE ROWID <> (SELECT MAX(ROWID) FROM scott.emp GROUP by empno);

ERROR at line 2:ORA-01427: single-row subquery returns more than one row
建立一个诊断任务

DECLARE
  report_out clob;
  task_id varchar2(50);
BEGIN
  task_id := DBMS_SQLDIAG.CREATE_DIAGNOSIS_TASK(
    sql_text => 'DELETE FROM scott.emp WHERE ROWID  <> (SELECT MAX(ROWID) FROM scott.emp GROUP by empno)',
    task_name=>'test_task1',
    problem_type=>dbms_sqldiag.problem_type_compilation_error);
END;

建完了，查询一下：
SELECT task_id, task_name, to_char(created,'YYYY-MM-dd hh24:mi:ss'), advisor_name, status FROM dba_advisor_tasks O order by created desc
执行诊断任务：
begin
dbms_sqldiag.execute_diagnosis_task('test_task1');
end;
生成报告：

DECLARE
rep_out CLOB;
BEGIN
rep_out := dbms_sqldiag.report_diagnosis_task('test_task1', dbms_sqldiag.type_text);
dbms_output.put_line('Report : ' || rep_out);
end;

Report : GENERAL INFORMATION SECTION
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tuning Task Name   : test_task1
Tuning Task Owner  : SNOWHILL
Workload Type      : Single SQL Statement
Scope              : COMPREHENSIVE
Time Limit(seconds): 1800
Completion Status  : COMPLETED
Started at         : 06/07/2013 16:36:17
Completed at       : 06/07/2013 16:38:58

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Schema Name: SNOWHILL
SQL ID     : guz0ng0q5z3s9
SQL Text   : DELETE FROM scott.emp WHERE ROWID  <> (SELECT MAX(ROWID) FROM
             scott.emp GROUP by empno)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
No SQL patch was found to resolve the problem.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

接受建议：

begin
DBMS_SQLDIAG.ACCEPT_SQL_PATCH (task_name => 'test_task1', task_owner => 'SNOWHILL');
end;

删除任务：
begin
DBMS_SQLTUNE.DROP_TUNING_TASK(task_name => 'test_task1');
end;

snowhill 2013-06-07 16:53 发表评论

oracle11g adr

snowhill — Fri, 07 Jun 2013 07:29:00 GMT

一查看意外事件
指定adr home

adrci> show home
ADR Homes:
diag/rdbms/progather/progather
diag/tnslsnr/DB-3/listener
diag/clients/user_oracle/host_1515578803_11

adrci> show homepath
ADR Homes:
diag/rdbms/progather/progather

adrci> show incident
查看一个意外事件一详细信息
adrci> show incident -mode detail -p "incident_id=168126"
ERROR_FACILITY                ORA
ERROR_NUMBER                  445
INCIDENT_FILE                 /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/dbcenter/dbcenter1/trace/dbcenter1_dia0_7517.trc
OWNER_ID                      1
INCIDENT_FILE                 /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/dbcenter/dbcenter1/incident/incdir_168126/dbcenter1_dia0_7517_i168126.trc

检查逻辑包
adrci> ips show package
建立一个包
adrci> ips create package incident 245110 或者adrci> ips add incident 245110 package 1;
Created package 3 based on incident id 245110, correlation level typical
adrci> ips generate package 3 in /home/oracle
Generated package 1 in file /home/oracle/IPSPKG_20130607150044_COM_1.zip, mode complete
DIA-49441: Warnings while finalizing package, details in file /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/progather/progather/incpkg/pkg_1/seq_1/finalize.log

snowhill 2013-06-07 15:29 发表评论

to_lob函数

snowhill — Mon, 25 Mar 2013 03:32:00 GMT

TO_LOB converts LONG or LONG RAW values in the column long_column to LOB
values. You can apply this function only to a LONG or LONG RAW column, and only in
the select list of a subquery in an INSERT statement.
看官方这段话就恶心死了。
to_lob只能用在insert into table_name select to_lob(column_name) from table_name
单独select to_lob(column_name) from table_name铁定ora-00932.

snowhill 2013-03-25 11:32 发表评论

DBMS_SQLTUNE

snowhill — Mon, 11 Mar 2013 03:53:00 GMT

--sql_tunning advisor
DECLARE
MY_TASK_NAME VARCHAR2(30);
   MY_SQLTEXT CLOB;
   MY_SQLID varchar2(30);
BEGIN
MY_SQLTEXT :='select * from
(Select t1.Indicator_Endtime,t1.Indicator_Value, t1.Tab_Name,t1.Tab_Column,T2.MAC_IDX_PAR 参数编码,T2.MAC_IDX_PAR2 参数代码二,t1.Tab_Id From Ccxe2.indu_Data T1
   Left Join Ccxe2.INDU_BLME_TRAN_INFO T2 On T2.Indicator_Id = T1.Indicator_Id
And T2.Isvalid = 1   And T2.MAC_IDX_PAR Is Not Null   And T2.MAC_IDX_PAR2 Is Not Null
    Where T1.Isvalid = 1) a,
(select ''INDU_NONFE_SPOT_CJYS''tab,end_date,MAC_IDX_PAR,MAC_IDX_PAR2,A001,A002,A003,id
from ccxe2. INDU_NONFE_SPOT_CJYS @progather where isvalid=1 )b
where a.indicator_endtime=b.end_date and a.tab_name=b.tab and a.参数编码=b.MAC_IDX_PAR
and a.参数代码二=b.MAC_IDX_PAR2
and ( (tab_column=''A001'' and nvl(a.indicator_value,0)<>nvl(round(b.A001,6),0)) or
(tab_column=''A002'' and nvl(a.indicator_value,0)<>nvl(round(b.A002,6),0)) or
(tab_column=''A003'' and nvl(a.indicator_value,0)<>nvl(round(b.A003,6),0)) or
a.tab_id is null or a.tab_id<>b.id )';
MY_SQLID :='3mknc4bd7fpyg';
--dbms_output.put_line(my_sqltext);
MY_TASK_NAME := DBMS_SQLTUNE.CREATE_TUNING_TASK(SQL_TEXT => MY_SQLTEXT,
                   BIND_LIST=>NULL,
                  USER_NAME => 'SNOWHILL',
                  SCOPE=>'COMPREHENSIVE',
                  TIME_LIMIT => 120,
                  TASK_NAME => 'SQL_TUNING_TEST',
                  DESCRIPTION=>'TUNING TASK'
                  );

END;

--执行
BEGIN DBMS_SQLTUNE.EXECUTE_TUNING_TASK('SQL_TUNING_TEST'); END;
--查询状态
SELECT status FROM USER_ADVISOR_TASKS WHERE task_name ='SQL_TUNING_TEST';
--查询调优建议
SELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.REPORT_TUNING_TASK('SQL_TUNING_TEST') FROM DUAL;
--删除
BEGIN dbms_sqltune.drop_tuning_task('SQL_TUNING_TEST'); END;

      SELECT * FROM USER_ADVISOR_TASKS T WHERE TASK_NAME='SQL_TUNING_TEST';
            SELECT * FROM DBA_SQLTUNE_STATISTICS
            SELECT * FROM DBA_SQLTUNE_BINDS
            SELECT * FROM DBA_SQLTUNE_PLANS WHERE TASK_ID=13009

   create index CCXE2.IDX_INDU_DATA_ID on CCXE2.INDU_DATA(INDICATOR_ID) tablespace ccxe2_idx;
select * from dba_advisor_tasks where owner<>'SYS'

execute dbms_sqltune.accept_sql_profile(task_name => 'SQL_TUNING_TEST',
task_owner => 'SNOWHILL', replace => TRUE, profile_type =>
DBMS_SQLTUNE.PX_PROFILE);

select * from dba_sql_profiles;

snowhill 2013-03-11 11:53 发表评论

oracle lock latch

snowhill — Mon, 26 Nov 2012 15:50:00 GMT

一查看锁的类型
select type,name,description from v$lock_type order by type
二查看当前会话锁
select type,name,id1,id2,lmode,decode(type,'TM',(select object_name
       from dba_objects where object_id=id1)) table_name
       from v$Lock join v$lock_type using(type)
       where sid=(select sid from v$session where audsid=userenv('sessionid'))
       and type<>'AE'
       手动锁定一个表
       lock table dept in exclusive mode
select * from dept where deptno=20 for update nowait 此时会报ora-00054:resource busy and acquire with nowait specified.
当然你也可select * from dept where deptno=20 for update wait 2;
select * from v$lock a,v$lock_type b ,dba_objects c where a.type=b.type and a.id1=c.object_id
    and a.type<>'AE'
三查询锁等待事件
    select wait_class#,wait_class,name from v$event_name where name like 'enq: TX%'
四查询各类等待事件所占比率
    select sum(total_waits) total_waits,           wait_class,
           round(sum(time_waited_micro) / 1000000, 2)       time_waited,
           round(sum(time_waited_micro) * 100 / SUM(sum(time_waited_micro) )OVER(), 2) pct
      from v$system_event
     where wait_class# <> 6
     group by wait_class
     order by 4 desc

   --查看会话的阻塞关系
select rpad('+',level,'-')||sid||' '||s.module session_detail,blocker_sid,wait_event_text,
object_name,rpad(' ',level)||sql_text sql_text
from v$wait_chains c left outer join dba_objects o on (row_wait_obj#=object_id)
join v$session s using(sid) left outer join v$sql sql on (sql.sql_id=s.sql_Id
and sql.child_number=s.SQL_CHILD_NUMBER)
connect by prior sid=blocker_sid
--and prior s.serial#=s.BLOCKING_SESSION_serial#
---and prior instance=s.BLOCKING_INSTANCE
start with blocker_is_valid='FALSE'
五查询某个段所占的比率

  select OBJECT_NAME,VALUE ROW_LOCK_WAITS,ROUND(VALUE*100/SUM(VALUE) OVER() ,2 )PCT
  from V$segment_statistics
  WHERE STATISTIC_NAME='row lock waits' and value>0
  order by value desc

snowhill 2012-11-26 23:50 发表评论